The predicted impact of private sector MMR vaccination on the burden of Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Vynnycky, Emilia; Cutts, Felicity

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00229-9

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, as found elsewhere and suggested by modeling [2,29,34,35], introducing RCV into childhood EPI at coverage levels which are too low can lead to adverse increases in the proportion of women that are susceptible to infection and the incidence of CRS. Therefore, a catch-up campaign targeting all children aged 13 years or younger and vaccinating WCBA would need to be introduced RCV is introduced into the routine schedule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Seroprevalence of rubella in the cord blood of pregnant women and congenital rubella incidence in Nha Trang, Vietnam

Miyakawa

Yoshino

Yoshida

et al. 2014

Vaccine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Seroprevalence of rubella in the cord blood of pregnant women and congenital rubella incidence in Nha Trang, Vietnam

Miyakawa

Yoshino

Yoshida

et al. 2014

Vaccine

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“…The immunization strategy involved 2 doses of vaccine, including the first dose for infants at between 8 and 18 months of age and the second dose for 7-or 12-year-olds (30). If routine vaccine coverage in children is not maintained, immunization of children could alter transmission dynamics and potentially lead to an increase in susceptibility in older age groups (27). A shift in risk to older age groups has already occurred in Brazil and Costa Rica (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and Continuous Evolution of Genotype 1E Rubella Viruses in China

et al. 2012

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In China, rubella vaccination was introduced into the national immunization program in 2008, and a rubella epidemic occurred in the same year. In order to know whether changes in the genotypic distribution of rubella viruses have occurred in the postvaccination era, we investigate in detail the epidemiological profile of rubella in China and estimate the evolutionary rate, molecular clock phylogeny, and demographic history of the predominant rubella virus genotypes circulating in China using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo phylodynamic analyses. 1E was found to be the predominant rubella virus genotype since its initial isolation in China in 2001, and no genotypic shift has occurred since then. The results suggest that the global 1E genotype may have diverged in 1995 and that it has evolved at a mutation rate of 1.65 ؋ 10 ؊3 per site per year. The Chinese 1E rubella virus isolates were grouped into either cluster 1 or cluster 2, which likely originated in 1997 and 2006, respectively. Cluster 1 viruses were found in all provinces examined in this study and had a mutation rate of 1.90 ؋ 10 ؊3 per site per year. The effective number of infections remained constant until 2007, and along with the introduction of rubella vaccine into the national immunization program, although the circulation of cluster 1 viruses has not been interrupted, some viral lineages have disappeared, and the epidemic started a decline that led to a decrease in the effective population size. Cluster 2 viruses were found only in Hainan Province, likely because of importation.

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“…Implementation of a universal two-dose MMR vaccine policy will thus help achieve control rubella transmission and eventually eliminate rubella and CRS [19]. But this strategy carries the risk of increasing the average age of rubella cases thus resulting in increased, instead of reduced, numbers of CRS cases if vaccination coverage is insufficient [20]. Prevention of CRS can only be achieved by immunization of adolescent girls and/or women of childbearing age [20].…”

Section: Monovalent Rubella Vaccine For Adolescent Girlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But this strategy carries the risk of increasing the average age of rubella cases thus resulting in increased, instead of reduced, numbers of CRS cases if vaccination coverage is insufficient [20]. Prevention of CRS can only be achieved by immunization of adolescent girls and/or women of childbearing age [20]. Therefore, there is an acute need to implement mass scale one-time immunization with monovalent rubella vaccine for adolescent girls in our country [21].…”

Section: Monovalent Rubella Vaccine For Adolescent Girlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Available Vaccines in India: Report of the APPA VU 2010: I

Karande

2011

Indian J Pediatr

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The Asia Pacific Pediatric Association Vaccinology Update 2010 was held in Mumbai on November 13-14, 2010 to discuss the latest information on burden of infectious diseases, recent developments in vaccines and their impact on immunization practices against infectious diseases occurring in Indian children. During the conference the importance of including conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and anti-rabies vaccines in routine immunization was stressed. Also, the need for giving a second dose of measles mumps rubella vaccine at school entry; and the need for a two-dose varicella vaccine regimen (first dose at 12-15 months of age and a second dose at age 4-6 years) was elucidated. Information related to vaccines which have become available in India in recent years, namely, inactivated poliovirus vaccine; diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine; conjugate pneumococcal vaccine; rotavirus vaccines; H1N1 vaccines; live attenuated hepatitis A virus vaccine; oral cholera vaccine; tetanus, reduced-dose diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine; and human papillomavirus vaccines were discussed.

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The predicted impact of private sector MMR vaccination on the burden of Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

Seroprevalence of rubella in the cord blood of pregnant women and congenital rubella incidence in Nha Trang, Vietnam

Seroprevalence of rubella in the cord blood of pregnant women and congenital rubella incidence in Nha Trang, Vietnam

Emergence and Continuous Evolution of Genotype 1E Rubella Viruses in China

Update on Available Vaccines in India: Report of the APPA VU 2010: I

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