The preference of individually-penned cattle to conduct certain behaviours in the light or the dark

Phillips, C.J.C.; Arab, T. M.

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(97)00019-1

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Cortisol concentrations are indicators of stress (Parrott and Misson, 1989) and the extent to which animals encounter problems and they can be used to infer adverse effects on welfare state (Broom and Johnson, 1993). Cattle prefer not to eat in the dark (Phillips and Leaver, 1986;Phillips and Arab, 1998) and when consuming acid silage-based diets they normally have small meals that are well dispersed over the day (Campling and Morgan, 1981). Similarly somatic cell counts were only increased by supplementary light before lights were installed in the feeding passage (P < 0-08).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of dairy cows to supplementary light during increasing or decreasing daylength

1998

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Two experiments were conducted to compare the response oflactating cows to supplementary light in their lying area during increasing and decreasing natural daylength. During decreasing daylength, supplementary light in the lying area increased the time cows spent lying down and considerably reduced calculated food intake, milk production, live weight and body condition, so that lights were installed in the feeding area for the last half of the experiment, which partially restored intake and live weight. Plasma cortisol concentrations and milk somatic cell counts were increased by supplementary light in decreasing daylength before, but not after, lights were installed in the feeding passage, suggesting that cows may have been stressed by the difficulties encountered during feeding in the dark. During increasing daylength supplementary light did not affect lying time, had less effect on food intake and no effect on milk production or live weight. There was a small reduction in plasma corticosteroid by the end of the experiment with supplementary light. It is concluded that providing supplementary light only in the lying area of dairy cows will have adverse effects on their production and welfare in decreasing, but not increasing daylength

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of dairy cows to supplementary light during increasing or decreasing daylength

1998

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“…This is probably because they are crepuscular herbivores (Groves, 1989). Although horses have the capability of both nocturnal and diurnal vision (Phillips and Arab, 1998;Holly, 2004), they are specialised for dim-light vision but may have reduced visual detail and response to light of certain (coloured) wavelengths (Timney and Macuda, 2001;Saslow, 2002). Horses have both weak brightness discrimination (Geisbauer et al, 2004) and the ability to close the pupil down to a slit, as a protective mechanism (Saslow, 2002).…”

Section: Facilities and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion Concerning the Welfare of Animals during Transport

2011

EFSA Journal

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The Scientific Opinion on the welfare of animals during transport reviewed the most recent scientific information concerning the main farm species. New scientific evidence and consequent conclusions and recommendations were arranged following the structure of Annex I of EC Regulation 1/2005 5 . On fitness for transport, recommendations for cattle and poultry were focused on repeated humane handling and careful inspection prior to transport. On the means of transport, use of partitions in horse transport, compulsory fasting of pigs with provision of water at stops, and temperature limits for poultry were major recommendations. Maintaining stability of animal groups was recommended as good practice, with special emphasis on the need to avoid mixing unfamiliar pigs or goats. On watering and feeding intervals, journey times and resting periods, journey duration should not exceed 12 hours for horses and 29 hours for cattle. Horses should be supplied with water one hour before and one hour after transport, and for cattle there should be a 24 hour recovery period with access to food and water. For rabbits, time spent inside the containers during lairage should be considered journey time. Space allowance for horses should be given in terms of kg/m 2 instead of m 2 /animal. For cattle and sheep, it is recommended that space allowances should be calculated according to an allometric equation relating size to body weight. Limits for stocking densities of broilers in containers should be related to thermal conditions. On the navigation systems, temperature monitoring systems should be incorporated. Minimum standards should be established regarding data type to be recorded, the 4 The changes do not affect the overall conclusions of the opinion. To avoid confusion, the original version of the opinion has been removed from the website, but is available on request, as is a version showing all the changes made.

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Effects of lighting conditions on the welfare of horses being loaded for transportation

Cross

Doorn

Versnel

et al. 2008

Journal of Veterinary Behavior

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The preference of individually-penned cattle to conduct certain behaviours in the light or the dark

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Differential response of dairy cows to supplementary light during increasing or decreasing daylength

Differential response of dairy cows to supplementary light during increasing or decreasing daylength

Scientific Opinion Concerning the Welfare of Animals during Transport

Effects of lighting conditions on the welfare of horses being loaded for transportation

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