The presence of the NOS3 gene polymorphism for intron 4 mitigates the beneficial effects of exercise training on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in adults

Abstract

The number of studies that have evaluated exercise training (ET) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)3 gene polymorphisms is scarce. The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between exercise training and NOS3 polymorphisms at -786T>C, 894G>T, and intron 4b/a on blood pressure (BP) using 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), nitrate/nitrite levels (NOx), and redox state. Eighty-six volunteers (51 ± 0.6 yr old) were genotyped into nonpolymorphic and polymorphic groups for each of the three positions of NOS3 polymorphisms. Auscultatory BP, ABPM, SOD activity, catalase activity, NOx levels, and malondialdehyde levels were measured. DNA was extracted from leukocytes, and PCR followed by sequencing was applied for genotype analysis. Aerobic ET consisted of 24 sessions for 3 days/wk for 40 min at moderate intensity. This study was performed in a double-blind and crossover format. ET was effective in lowering office BP (systolic BP: 3.2% and diastolic BP: 3%) as well as ABPM (systolic BP: 2% and diastolic BP: 1.3%). Increased SOD and catalase activity (42.6% and 15.1%, respectively) were also observed. The NOS3 polymorphism for intron 4 mitigated the beneficial effect of ET for systolic BP (nonpolymorphic group: -3.0% and polymorphic group: -0.6%) and diastolic BP (nonpolymorphic group: -3.2% and polymorphic group: -0.5%), but it was not associated with NOx level and redox state. Paradoxical responses were found for positions T786-C and G894T for the NOS3 gene. Consistently, the presence of the polymorphism for intron 4 blunted the beneficial effects of ET in middle-aged adults. Possibly, this effect might be as consequence of intron 4 acting as a short intronic repeat RNA controlling endothelial NOS activity epigenetically.

Evaluation of maximal lactate steady state in middle-aged hypertensive women

“…Most of studies examining the lactacidemic responses were performed in athletes or healthy subjects with low physical fitness whereas studies investigating hypertensive subjects, mainly women, are scarce. In this sense, it is important to evaluate such parameters in hypertensive women using walk on treadmill, which is particularly interesting for this population when considering characteristics of the disease, especially with respect to the benefits on cardiovascular system promoted by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise widely proven in this type of ergometer when prescribed at appropriate intensities 16 .…”

The sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation during the Menopause Transition at Rest and after Aerobic Exercise Training

“…Office BP and Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) were obtained in accordance with international guidelines as described previously (Sponton et al, 2014).…”

“…Is there an endothelial dysfunction after menopause? Previous studies have systematically shown that NO/cGMP signaling pathway, as well as flow-mediated dilation, is not impaired in hypertensive postmenopausal women as compared with normotensive subjects (Sponton et al, 2014;Puga et al, 2016;Jarrete et al, 2016;Novais et al, 2017). Additionally, both hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women were responsive to aerobic exercise training (AET) by increasing the endothelial biomarkers related to NO/cGMP pathway (Sponton et al, 2010;Rezende et al, 2011).…”

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu298Asp gene polymorphism influences body composition and biochemical parameters but not the nitric oxide response to eccentric resistance exercise in elderly obese women

“…We recently found that the classification of obesity based on DXA measures along with biochemical and inflammatory parameters appears to be a more accurate method and to have a major clinical importance as compared with BMI, as it allows the differentiation of the lipid profile between eutrophic and overweight older women (Funghetto et al, 2015). Recently (Sponton et al, 2014), it was found that the presence eNOS gene polymorphism for the positions T786-C and G894T390 did not affect the beneficial effect of aerobic exercise training on blood pressure, neither cardiometabolic biomarkers in sedentary non-obese middle-aged subjects. Comparisons between studies are very difficult because the polymorphism position, exercise protocol and subjects evaluated are different, which limits more precise conclusions.…”