The pressure–strain work indices in response to isometric handgrip exercise

Abstract

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), allowing third parties to download articles and share them with others, provided the original work is properly cited, not changed in any way, distributed under the same license, and used for noncommercial purposes only.

The effect of a dynamic increase in afterload on the first-phase ejection fraction

“…Therefore, it seems that the dysregulation of mechanosensing at the molecular level in various pathological conditions like hypertension leads to the loss of contractile efficiency and reduces EF-1. Along these lines, we demonstrated recently that at the peak of HG, the reduction in ejection fraction in healthy subjects is accompanied by higher myocardial work and a better work efficiency index [3]. Moreover, Faconti et al [6] showed a marked increase in EF-1 in recreational marathon runners after a race, despite the lack of increase in the conventional measure of systolic function.…”

“…The study was performed as previously described [3]. In brief, echocardiographic tracings were acquired with a 3.5 MHz transducer (Vivid E95, GE Healthcare, Horten, Norway) at rest and at peak isometric handgrip (HG) -between 2 min 45 sec and 3 min 15 sec of maintaining 30% of maximal handgrip strength while lying in the left lateral recumbent position.…”

Interrelationships between Peak Strain Dispersion, Myocardial Work Indices, Isovolumetric Relaxation and Systolic–Diastolic Coupling in Middle-Aged Healthy Subjects

“…Assessing mechanical dispersion, myocardial work, isovolumetric relaxation and systolic-diastolic coupling can provide complementary information on the global and regional LV function and performance in healthy subjects. All of these parameters have demonstrated clinical value [1,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]27,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

“…LV pressure-strain loops are used to assess the myocardium by several parameters. Global work efficiency (GWE) and global wasted work (GWW) are two commonly used examples [1,[13][14][15]. Myocardial work indices also quantify LV systolic function and its abnormalities and reflect global LV systolic function [1,13,14].…”

“…Global work efficiency (GWE) and global wasted work (GWW) are two commonly used examples [1,[13][14][15]. Myocardial work indices also quantify LV systolic function and its abnormalities and reflect global LV systolic function [1,13,14]. However, GWE and GWW are sensitive to late systolic dysfunction due to delayed contraction of some LV segments.…”