The prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in risk groups: a systematic literature review

Abstract

RAS has a high prevalence in risk groups, especially in those with extrarenal atherosclerosis, end-stage renal failure and heart failure. These findings are important when screening for RAS or prescription of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin-II receptor blocker is considered.

Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis Prevalence and Correlations in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Data From Nonrandomized Single‐Center Study (REN‐ACS)—A Single Center, Prospective, Observational Study

“…We performed systematic RA in consecutive AMI patients, regardless of other risk factors suggesting RAS (severe hypertension, PAD, or abdominal bruits). Data showed concordant values of RAS prevalence in AMI (16.6%) to those reported in well‐recognized risk groups (suspected renovascular hypertension5, 30—14.1%, hypertension and diabetes mellitus31—17.1%, chronic CAD5, 32, 33—9.1% to 10.8%) but lower values than in patients with chronic heart failure34—54.1%, aortic abdominal aneurysm35—38%, end‐stage renal disease36—40.8%. Differences between reports are driven by inclusion of patients with different stages of atheromatous disease and inflammation.…”

“…The relationship between extent of CAD and RAS has been previously evaluated in elective patients37: the number of diseased coronary arteries roughly multiplies by 5 the prevalence of RAS 5. In our study, the degree of CAD was a strong predictor for RAS in multivariate analysis, reflecting progressive stages of multisite disease.…”

“…There are few trials5 that analyzed the incidence of RAS in CAD, whereas no study evaluated an AMI cohort. All previous studies excluded this category of patients.…”

Prevalence and risk factors for renal artery stenosis and chronic kidney disease in Japanese patients with peripheral arterial disease

“…In a meta-analysis of patients with atherosclerotic risk factors such as hypertension, DM, CHD, CKD or PAD, the prevalence of RAS has been reported to be 15.4%. 16 In multiple series of PAD cases, the rates of RAS varied from 12.0 to 45.5%, with a pooled prevalence of 25.3%. 16 Wilms et al 17 found a 22% prevalence of RAS X50% in patients with PAD (mean age 62.4 years old), and Amighi et al 1 recently reported a prevalence of RAS X60% on angiography of 15.6% in patients with PAD (mean age 70.6 years old).…”

“…16 In multiple series of PAD cases, the rates of RAS varied from 12.0 to 45.5%, with a pooled prevalence of 25.3%. 16 Wilms et al 17 found a 22% prevalence of RAS X50% in patients with PAD (mean age 62.4 years old), and Amighi et al 1 recently reported a prevalence of RAS X60% on angiography of 15.6% in patients with PAD (mean age 70.6 years old). Thus, our results for the rate of RAS in Japanese patients with PAD are similar to those found in previous studies.…”