The prevalence of beta-haemolytic streptococci in throat specimens from healthy children and adults: Implications for the clinical value of throat cultures

Gunnarsson, Ronny; Holm, Stig E.; Söderström, Mats

doi:10.3109/02813439709018506

Cited by 81 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We found considerably higher recovery of GABHS on tonsil surfaces (42.1%) and cores (57.1 %) than reported rates of 15.5% 23 , 21% 24 , and 28% 25 from throats of apparently healthy children or those with recurrent tonsillitis (16.9%) 26,27 or tonsillar hypertrophy (20%) 21,23 . Surow et al 19 reported a 19.6% colonization rate in the tonsil core and Kielmovitch et al 26 found high prevalence of S. pyogenes in cultured tonsil surfaces of children with obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…These findings in Caribbean children invite further research to elucidate BHS carriage in healthy children and those with pharyngotonsillitis. Low recovery of S. pneumoniae is supported by reports which failed to recover S. pneumoniae in pharyngotonsillitis 31 , URTIs and sore throat 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…influenzae, an infrequent Gram-negative isolate, has been demonstrated in sore throat 21 , tonsil hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis 17,23 . In Sweden where routine throat swab analyses do not include H. influenzae, Gunnarsson 23 has discussed its aetiological implications in pharyngotonsillitis. Mandatory immunization of children with Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine in Trinidad and Tobago over the last decade would explain its absence in the present sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achado de bactérias selecionadas em crianças de Trinidad com doença amigdaliana crônica

Pereira¹,

Juman²,

Bekele³

et al. 2008

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Pharyngot onsillitis in children is widely treated with antibiotics. Aim: To examine tonsil surface and core microflora following elective adenotonsillectomy in children. Methods: Tonsils of 102 Trinidadian children were prospectively examined for surface and core bacteriological culture and identification between [2005][2006]. Results: Tonsils (360) yielded 800 isolates of Streptococcus spp. (51.3%), Staphylococcus spp. (42.3%) and Gram-negative genera (6.4%). Surface and core recovery of staphylococci and streptococci were similar (p>0.05). More (p<0.001) surfaces (82.2%) than cores (63.3%) grew Streptococcus spp.; α-haemolytic Streptococcus prevalence was higher (p<0.001) than ß-haemolytic Streptococcus on surfaces (74.4% vs. 18.6%) than cores (58.9% vs. 13.7%). Surfaces and cores were not concordant for streptococci (p<0.0004) and α-haemolytic Streptococcus (p<0.007). Surface and core ß-haemolytic Streptococcus yield was higher (p<0.05) in 6-16 than 1-5 year olds (31% and 23.8% vs 12.5% and 8%). S. pyogenes surface and core prevalence was (84.6% vs 70%) and (50.0% vs 25.0%) in older and younger children respectively. Klebsiella spp. (6.6 %, 2.2%), Proteus (4.4%, 4.4%) and Pseudomonas (4.4 %, 1.1%) grew on surfaces and cores respectively.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achado de bactérias selecionadas em crianças de Trinidad com doença amigdaliana crônica

Pereira¹,

Juman²,

Bekele³

et al. 2008

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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“…Eine gesteigerte Abgabe von S. aureus in die Luft wurde bei viralen Erkrankungen der oberen Luftwege beobachtet [187]. Inapparente A-Streptokokken-Besiedlungen beobachtet man meist im Rachen [191,192]. A-Streptokokken, die mit Wundinfektionen assoziiert waren, wurden auch in der Luft von Operationsräumen nachgewiesen [188].…”

Section: Präoperative Stationäre Verweildauerunclassified

Prävention postoperativer Infektionen im Operationsgebiet

2007

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

122

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“…An example not related to immunoassays is diagnosing bacterial pharyngotonsillitis by throat culture, where some healthy children and adults are asymptomatic carriers. 9 For such tests, the aetiological predictive value has been discussed as an alternative Bayesian a posteriori measure of the test. 10 In the second case, the test is clearly suboptimal, i.e.…”

Section: Information Theory and Diagnostic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Belief is only half the truth - or why screening for heterophilic antibody interference in certain assays makes double sense

2012

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Background: Interference in immunoassays may cause both false-negative and false-positive results. It may be detected using a number of affirmative tests such as reanalysis of certain samples using different assay platforms with known bias, after the addition of blocker antibodies, or assessment of linearity and parallelism following serial doubling dilutions. One should look for interference where it is likely and has high medical impact. Probabilistic Bayesian reasoning is a statistical tool to identify samples where interference is most likely. But when looking for interference where it is likely, do we find it where it has the largest population health consequences? Methods: We used information theory to quantify the effect of assay interference by calculating the Shannon information content (using logarithms with base 2). We then obtained lower bounds of the population health consequences of a particular test and combined these expressions to get lower bounds of the population health consequences of interference. Results and conclusion: We suggest that assays having a low frequency of true positives should be the primary target of retesting because: (i) assays with a low frequency of true positives exhibit a high likelihood of interference and (ii) the population health consequences of false-positive results are generally higher for assays with a low frequency of true positives. Finally, we give a worked example having a realistic frequency of interference and test costs. In some immunoassays (e.g., tumour markers), adding a blocker to all tests can be a more cost-efficient mean than retesting positive samples.

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The prevalence of beta-haemolytic streptococci in throat specimens from healthy children and adults: Implications for the clinical value of throat cultures

Cited by 81 publications

References 19 publications

Achado de bactérias selecionadas em crianças de Trinidad com doença amigdaliana crônica

Achado de bactérias selecionadas em crianças de Trinidad com doença amigdaliana crônica

Prävention postoperativer Infektionen im Operationsgebiet

Belief is only half the truth - or why screening for heterophilic antibody interference in certain assays makes double sense

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