The Prevalence of Bovine and Ovine Fasciolosis and the Associated Economic Loss Due to Liver Condemnation in and around Debire Birhan, Ethiopia

Abstract

CA cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2013 up to March 2014 to assess the prevalence, risk factors and direct economic loss of bovine and ovine fasciolosis in and around Debire Birhan, a town of North shoa Amhara Regional state. In the present study coprology, postmortem examination, questionnaire survey and an abattoir retrospective data were retrieved and analyzed. Seven Kebeles were purposively selected for coprological examination by considering the number of cattle and sheep population of the area and proximity to parasitological laboratories. Coprological examination of fecal samples randomly collected from 300 cattle and 280 sheep revealed an overall prevalence of 62.3% in cattle and 60.7% in sheep whereas 450 (300 cattle and 150 sheep) animals were randomly selected from Debire Birhan Municipal Abattoir for post mortem examination and revealed a total prevalence of 58.6% and 56.0% in cattle and sheep, respectively. This study shows that risk factors such as locality, species and age didn’t show significant effect on the prevalence of infections in both cattle and sheep (P>0.05). However, season, sex, and body condition revealed significant difference (P< 0.05) as higher degree of infections were detected in Autumn, female and in poor body conditioned, respectively. Species identification revealed that F. hepatica was highly abundant (43.8%) as compared to Fasciola gigantica (10.2%) in cattle. Likewise sheep livers also harbored F. hepatica (44.0%) and F.gigantica (15.5%). Certain proportion of mixed and unidentified immature fluke infection also common in both species. The economic loss incurred due to condemned liver as a result of bovine and ovine fasciolosis was estimated to be 59,387ETB (2969USD) per annum. In conclusion, fasciolosis was proved to be widely distributed disease with higher prevalence and great impact on the economy. Therefore integrated vector and parasite control approaches should be involved so as to reduce the snail burn and infection rate. Key words: Abattoir, Bovine, Ovine, Coprology, Economic significance, Fasciolosis, Prevalence. Debire Birhan.

Prevalence of Human and Animal Fasciolosis in Butajira and Gilgel Gibe Health Demographic Surveillance System Sites in Ethiopia

“…However, mixed infections with both F. hepatica and F. gigant ica are reported where the environment is conducive [13]. Studies have shown that animal fasciolosis occurs in almost all parts of Ethiopia [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Coprological and abattoir surveys conducted in WolaitaSodo town, Ethiopia, for example, indicated that the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis was about 72% [14].…”

Prevalence of Fasciolosis in Cattle Farm of Tilottama Municipality, Rupandehi, Nepal

“…However, our results contradicted with results finding of Karim et al (2015), Isah (2019), andBhutto et al (2012) which shows a higher prevalence of in older than younger cattle. studies show prevalence of 68.08% in old and 55.62% in adult (Ayele et al, 2018). Similarly, Simbwa et al (2014) found 44.8% in adults and 31.8% in sub adults and Japa et al (2020) found more in > 4 years old (17.1%) and low in 2-4 year old (5.6%).…”

“…The sex wise study shows significantly higher incidence (P<0.05) in male (42.86%) than in female (14.06%) which is supported by Humbal et al (2020), Japa et al (2020) and Isah (2019), whereas contradicted with Ayele et al (2018) and Swarnakar and Sanger (2014) which shows more Fasciola infestation in female and less in male and stated that female animals at different reproductive physiological state such as pregnancy and lactation are immunologically suppressed from increased blood cortisol level which favours the chance of exposure of females to Fasciola infection (Ayele et al, 2018). However, result obtained by Iboyi et al (2017) shows no significant difference between infection of males and females.…”

Effects of Land-Use and Environmental Factors on Snail Distribution and Trematode Infection in Ethiopia

“…The occurrence of Fasciola -infected lymnaeid snails is an indication of fascioliasis transmission sites in the study area. Studies have shown that animal fascioliasis exists in almost all parts of Ethiopia and affect ruminants with a prevalence of 16–60% in coprological samples and 14–91% in abattoir surveys [ 5 , 6 ]. The high prevalence of trematodes infection in the study area could be attributed to the open grazing system.…”

“…Studies have shown that animal fascioliasis exists in almost all parts of Ethiopia and affects ruminants, with a prevalence of (16–60%) and (14–91%) in coprological and abattoir surveys, respectively. The higher prevalence was recorded in Bahir Dar using coprological findings (60%) and in Gondar via abattoir surveys (91%) [ 6 , 7 ]. Human fascioliasis is classified as a food-borne trematode infection, commonly acquired by ingesting metacercaria encysted on leaves that are eaten as vegetables.…”