The prevalence of depression in men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV: A meta-analysis of comparative and epidemiological studies

Xiao, Le; Han, Qin; Wang, Yuan Yuan; Wang, Di; Wilkinson, Meredith R.; Hall, Brian J.; Ungvári, Gábor S.; Wang, Gang; Xiang, Yu Tao

doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.04.001

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Study enrollment started in August 2014, and cohort participation is ongoing. Eligible participants (1) were between 18 and 45 years of age at the time of enrollment, (2) identified as male at birth, (3) if HIV-negative, reported condomless anal intercourse with a male partner in the past 6 months, (4) were capable of providing informed consent, and (5) were willing and able to return to the study site every 6 months to complete study-related activities. By design, half of the participants were living with HIV, and half were substance using.…”

Section: Study Population and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People living with HIV and those at increased risk for HIV are at high risk for other health problems, including substance use, mental health issues, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities [1][2][3] The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting efforts to curb the spread of infection-such as stay-at-home orders and physical Abstract The objective was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health care, cannabis use, and behaviors that increase the risk of STIs among men living with or at high risk for HIV. Data were from mSTUDY -a cohort of men who have sex with men in Los Angeles, California.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

et al. 2022

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within 17 months. Interruptions in mental health care were associated with higher substance use (especially cannabis) for managing anxiety/depression related to the pandemic (50% vs. 31%; p-value < .01). Cannabis use for managing pandemic-related anxiety/depression was higher among those reporting changes in sexual activity (53% vs. 36%; p-value = 0.01) and was independently associated with having more than one sex partner in the prior 2 weeks (adjusted OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.4). Our findings indicate increases in substance use, in particular cannabis, linked directly to experiences resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated interruptions in mental health care. Strategies that deliver services without direct client contact are essential for populations at high risk for negative sexual and mental health outcomes.

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Section: Study Population and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

et al. 2022

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“…Being part of the sexual and gender minority (SGM) population, MSM were reported to be at higher risk of depression compared with their nonsexual minority counterparts in the predominantly heteronormative society ( Heywood & Lyons, 2016 ; Meyer, 2003 ; Yan et al, 2014 ). A meta-analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of depression among MSM living with HIV was 43% ( Xiao et al, 2020 ), which is higher than heterosexual men living with HIV ( Hatzenbuehler et al, 2008 ). Depression among MSM is reported to be associated with health behaviors and mental/physical outcomes, such as antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence ( Tao et al, 2017 ), responsiveness to ART ( Carrico et al, 2011 ), viral suppression ( Leserman, 2008 ), and CD4 count ( Antoni et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Related Stigma, Sexual Identity, and Depressive Symptoms Among MSM Living With HIV in China: A Moderated Mediation Modeling Analysis

Lan

Yang

et al. 2022

Am J Mens Health

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Depression is one of the biggest health issues among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, where sexual identity might play an intricate role. Yet, findings of the relationship between sexual identity and depression were mixed and few studies explored its underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to examine the association between sexual identity and depression, and the potential mediating role of HIV-related stigma and moderating role of age. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 203 MSM living with HIV in Guangxi, China. Participants provided information on sexual identity, depression, HIV-related stigma, and background information. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and path analysis were applied to examine our hypotheses. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that participants who self-identified as gay reported a lower level of HIV-related stigma and depression. Path analysis revealed an insignificant direct effect of identifying as gay on depression. Yet, the indirect pathway was significant, with identifying as gay being associated with a lower level of HIV stigma and thus a lower level of depression. This indirect effect was moderated by age. The conditional indirect effect was significant in the younger group yet ceased in the older group. The study provided information to better understand the effect of sexual identity on mental health among stigmatized sexual and gender minorities by highlighting the mediating effect of HIV-related stigma and the protective effect of age. Interventions targeting mental health of MSM living with HIV might consider placing greater emphasis on addressing HIV-related stigma among younger MSM.

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“…MSM living with HIV were more likely to be depressed compared to MSM without HIV. The previous extensive systematic reviews show that 40% to 43% of MSM living with HIV had depression [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopsychosocial approach to understanding determinants of depression among men who have sex with men living with HIV: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Introduction Men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV are more likely to be depressed than MSM without HIV. The AIDS epidemic will not end if the needs of people living with HIV and the determinants of health are not being addressed. Compared to HIV individuals without depression, depressed HIV individuals have worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality risk. Depression is caused by a complex combination of social, psychological, and biological variables. This systematic review, thereby motivated by the need to address this gap in the literature, aims to articulate determinants of depression among MSM living with HIV according to the biopsychosocial approach. Methodology We systematically searched four databases from 2011 to 2021. We searched for observational studies on determinants of depression among MSM living with HIV. The outcome is depression based on the categorical or numerical outcome. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study risks of bias. Any disagreements are consulted with the third reviewer. Results We identified 533 articles, of which only eight studies are included. A total of 3,172 MSMs are included in the studies. We found the determinants of depression and categorized them according to biological, psychological, and social approaches. Conclusion The determinants of depression with the strongest evidence across studies were enacted HIV-related stigma, unemployment, sleep disturbance, current smoker, black ethnicity, born overseas, ART initiation, and access to mental health care. Despite weaker evidence, the other relevant determinants to be included were older age, internalized stigma, self-efficacy, and social support. Efforts to improve or prevent depression among MSM living with HIV could benefit from addressing the determinants of depression based on the biopsychosocial approach immediately after HIV diagnosis. Integrating mental health screening and care into HIV treatment settings would strengthen HIV prevention and care outcomes and improve access to mental healthcare.

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The prevalence of depression in men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV: A meta-analysis of comparative and epidemiological studies

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

HIV-Related Stigma, Sexual Identity, and Depressive Symptoms Among MSM Living With HIV in China: A Moderated Mediation Modeling Analysis

Biopsychosocial approach to understanding determinants of depression among men who have sex with men living with HIV: A systematic review

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