The prevalence of diagnosed tourette syndrome in Canada: A national population‐based study

Yang, Jaeun; Hirsch, Lauren; Martino, Davide; Roberts, Jeffrey W.; Pringsheim, Tamara

doi:10.1002/mds.26766

Cited by 70 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…4 There are few population-based estimates of the prevalence of TS in adults; one recent population-based study found a prevalence of diagnosed TS of approximately 1 per 1,000. 5 TS and chronic tic disorders are believed to share a common neurobiological origin, and we use the abbreviation TS throughout the article to refer to all individuals with primary chronic tic disorders.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive systematic review summary: Treatment of tics in people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy of treatments for tics and the risks associated with their use. MethodsThis project followed the methodologies outlined in the 2011 edition of the American Academy of Neurology's guideline development process manual. We included systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials on the treatment of tics that included at least 20 participants (10 participants if a crossover trial), except for neurostimulation trials, for which no minimum sample size was required. To obtain additional information on drug safety, we included cohort studies or case series that specifically evaluated adverse drug effects in individuals with tics. ResultsThere was high confidence that the Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics was more likely than psychoeducation and supportive therapy to reduce tics. There was moderate confidence that haloperidol, risperidone, aripiprazole, tiapride, clonidine, onabotulinumtoxinA injections, 5-ling granule, Ningdong granule, and deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus were probably more likely than placebo to reduce tics. There was low confidence that pimozide, ziprasidone, metoclopramide, guanfacine, topiramate, and tetrahydrocannabinol were possibly more likely than placebo to reduce tics. Evidence of harm associated with various treatments was also demonstrated, including weight gain, drug-induced movement disorders, elevated prolactin levels, sedation, and effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and ECGs. ConclusionsThere is evidence to support the efficacy of various medical, behavioral, and neurostimulation interventions for the treatment of tics. Both the efficacy and harms associated with interventions must be considered in making treatment recommendations. Glossary AAN = American Academy of Neurology; ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CI = confidence interval; COI = conflict of interest; DBS = deep brain stimulation; GDDI = Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation; rTMS = repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; SMD = standardized mean difference; TS = Tourette syndrome; YGTSS = Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. c Riluzole, SMD 0.17 (95% CI −0.91 to 1.25), 1 Class I study 56 ; confidence in evidence downgraded due to imprecision (children only)

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confidence: 99%

Comprehensive systematic review summary: Treatment of tics in people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders

et al. 2019

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“…Gender differences in human brains is an important topic because the prevalence of psychiatric conditions varies between the genders; such differences have been observed in autism (much more common in males) (Baron-Cohen, 2009, Baron-Cohen et al, 2005), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, much more common in males) (Arnett et al, 2015), Tourette's syndrome (much more common in males) (Yang et al, 2016), schizophrenia and dyslexia (more common in males) (Arnett et al, 2017, McGrath et al, 2008), depression (more common in females) (Goldstein et al, 2014, Schuch et al, 2014, Shansky, 2009), and eating disorders (much more common in females) (Lipson and Sonneville, 2017). Understanding how gender influences vulnerability to these conditions is, therefore, a significant question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in the structural connectome of the teenage brain revealed by generalized q-sampling MRI

Tyan

Liao

Shen

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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The question of whether there are biological differences between male and female brains is a fraught one, and political positions and prior expectations seem to have a strong influence on the interpretation of scientific data in this field. This question is relevant to issues of gender differences in the prevalence of psychiatric conditions, including autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, dyslexia, depression, and eating disorders. Understanding how gender influences vulnerability to these conditions is significant. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides a non-invasive method to investigate brain microstructure and the integrity of anatomical connectivity. Generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) has been proposed to characterize complicated fiber patterns and distinguish fiber orientations, providing an opportunity for more accurate, higher-order descriptions through the water diffusion process. Therefore, we aimed to investigate differences in the brain's structural network between teenage males and females using GQI. This study included 59 (i.e., 33 males and 26 females) age- and education-matched subjects (age range: 13 to 14 years). The structural connectome was obtained by graph theoretical and network-based statistical (NBS) analyses. Our findings show that teenage male brains exhibit better intrahemispheric communication, and teenage female brains exhibit better interhemispheric communication. Our results also suggest that the network organization of teenage male brains is more local, more segregated, and more similar to small-world networks than teenage female brains. We conclude that the use of an MRI study with a GQI-based structural connectomic approach like ours presents novel insights into network-based systems of the brain and provides a new piece of the puzzle regarding gender differences.

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“…1 % der Patienten bis ins Erwachsenenalter zeigen [1]. Männer sind häufiger betroffen als Frauen (m:w = 4:1, [2]). Die Zeit bis zur Diagnosestellung beträgt meist 5 bis 10 Jahre.…”

Section: Tics Und Tourette-störung Für Die Praxisunclassified

Tics und Tourette-Störung für die Praxis

Djodari-Irani¹,

Ganos²

2020

Nervenheilkunde

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ZUSAMMENFASSUNGPrimäre Tic-Störungen und das Tourette-Syndrom (TS) sind häufige neuropsychiatrische Erkrankungen, die sich im frühen Lebensalter manifestieren und durch motorische und/oder vokale Tics gekennzeichnet sind. Oftmals bestehen bei den Betroffenen psychiatrische Komorbiditäten wie Zwangsstörungen, Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung, Angst- und affektive Störungen. Differenzialdiagnostisch stellen neben anderen Bewegungsstörungen wie zum Beispiel Chorea oder Stereotypien, die funktionellen Tic-ähnlichen Störungen eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Tiermodelle, Post-mortem-Studien, behaviorale und bildgebende Studienbefunde weisen auf Veränderungen im kortiko-striato-thalamo-kortikalen Regelkreis in der primären Tic-Störung und dem TS hin, wobei in der Genese dieser Erkrankungen das dopaminerge System eine wichtige Rolle zu spielen scheint. Therapeutisch werden spezifische verhaltenstherapeutische Strategien wie das Habit Reversal Learning oder das Exposure and Response Prevention in erster Linie empfohlen. Pharmakotherapien beinhalten antipsychotische Medikation, Botulinumtoxin-Injektionen sowie cannabisbasierte Medikamente. In therapieresistent verlaufenden Fällen kann die tiefe Hirnstimulation erwogen werden.

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The prevalence of diagnosed tourette syndrome in Canada: A national population‐based study

Cited by 70 publications

References 22 publications

Comprehensive systematic review summary: Treatment of tics in people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders

Comprehensive systematic review summary: Treatment of tics in people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders

Gender differences in the structural connectome of the teenage brain revealed by generalized q-sampling MRI

Tics und Tourette-Störung für die Praxis

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