The Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease with orwithout Reflux Esophagitis

Abstract

We showed a greater prevalence of RE minimal change in patients with NTM than those without NTM with statistical significance.

Clinical outcomes in Mycobacterium xenopi versus Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease: A retrospective matched cohort study

“…Individual comorbidities between the Mx-PD and MAC-PD cohorts were very similar although we did identify increased co-morbid GERD in patients with MAC-PD, perhaps identifying distinct pathogenicity in these two infections. Multiple studies have identified a link between reflux disease and microaspiration as potentially leading to lung destruction and mycobacterial seeding [15][16][17]. There was a co-diagnosis of GERD in 41.4% of our MAC-PD cohort versus only 17.1% of patients with Mx-PD.…”

Ancillary treatment of patients with lung disease due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria: a narrative review

“…While the prevalence of swallowing dysfunction is unknown for patients with NTM-LD, the prevalence of dysphagia in those over 50 years old (the age group at greatest risk for NTM-LD) is estimated to be 15-22%, higher than the 6-9% prevalence for the general population (85). In three separate studies, GER was present in 26-44% of NTM-LD subjects versus 12-28% in non-NTM infected controls (86)(87)(88). The prevalence of GERD in NTM-LD subjects may even be greater as some may not experience typical reflux symptoms.…”

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease due to multiple “minor” risk factors: an illustrative case and a review of these “lesser elements”

“…There is increasing evidence that aspiration-"from above" due to spillage of oropharyngeal secretions as a result of swallowing dysfunction or "from below" due to GER of contents from the esophagus or stomach-may predispose to NTM lung infection. In three separate studies, GER was present in 26-44% of pulmonary NTM subjects and 12-28% in non-NTM infected controls (35)(36)(37). However, another study found no difference in GER disease in 184 patients who met criteria for NTM lung disease vs. those who had respiratory NTM isolated but did not meet criteria (38).…”