The private health sector in India

Sengupta, Amit; Nundy, Samiran

doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7526.1157

Cited by 180 publications

(116 citation statements)

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“…The public health infrastructure in India has seen massive growth after significant investments through the National Health Mission since 2005 [14]. The private sector has also proliferated due to government apathy [15]. In the present scenario, we have limited estimates of household expenditure patterns on hospitalisation due to NCDs, both in the public and in the private sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of hospitalisation for non‐communicable diseases in India: are we pro‐poor?

Tripathy¹,

Prasad²,

Shewade³

et al. 2016

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractobjectives To estimate out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure due to hospitalisation from NCDs and its impact on households in India.methods The study analysed nationwide representative data collected by the National Sample Survey Organisation in 2014 that reported health service utilisation and healthcare-related OOP expenditure by income quintiles and by type of health facility (public or private). The recall period for inpatient hospitalisation expenditure was 365 days. Consumption expenditure was collected for a recall period of 1 month. OOP expenditure amounting to >10% of annual consumption expenditure was termed as catastrophic. Weighted analysis was performed.results The median expenditure per episode of hospitalisation due to NCDs was USD 149 -this was~3 times higher among the richest quintile compared to poorest quintile. There was a significantly higher prevalence of catastrophic expenditure among the poorest quintile, more so for cancers (85%), psychiatric and neurological disorders (63%) and injuries (63%). Mean private-sector OOP hospitalisation expenditure was nearly five times higher than that in the public sector. Medicines accounted for 40% and 27% of public-and private-sector OOP hospitalisation expenditure, respectively.conclusion Strengthening of public health facilities is required at community level for the prevention, control and management of NCDs. Promotion of generic medicines, better availability of essential drugs and possible subsidisation for the poorest quintile will be measures to consider to reduce OOP expenditure in public-sector facilities.keywords non-communicable diseases, injury, cancer, out-of-pocket expenditure, catastrophic expenditure

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of hospitalisation for non‐communicable diseases in India: are we pro‐poor?

Tripathy¹,

Prasad²,

Shewade³

et al. 2016

Tropical Med Int Health

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show abstract

“…The issues around urban health are complex and compounded by the presence of slums, which require additional and detailed planning on provision of basic amenities like water and sanitation. The lack of regulation on the private sector adds to the problem of supply gaps and quality concerns, and adds significance to the finding that private health care is the dominant mode of provision in urban slums [40] [41]. Thus, the consumer-satisfaction reported by the respondents in the study needs to be interpreted with caution in face of evidence of lack of quality, which may only point to lack of awareness and knowledge about affordable quality services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Health Status and Access to Health Services in Indian Slums

Gupta¹,

Guin²

2015

Health

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This paper analyzes the state of health and access to health services among the urban poor in India. Analysis is based on data from a primary survey conducted among 2000 households, covering 10,929 individuals from four cities of India. Summary statistics and regressions (using STATA) are used for data analysis. Results show lack of government facilities and services, a very high preference for private health facilities, high expenses especially in private but also in public facilities, and a perception that private facilities are offering high quality services as important concerns. An econometric analysis of the determinants of acute illness indicates the insufficiency of basic amenities like sanitation, garbage disposal and potable water. Together with the lack of availability of government health facilities in the vicinity, these results indicate continued vulnerability of the urban poor, and the need for urgent government action.

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“…[29,30] Reasons listed from various studies for this are: a) high absenteeism, b) poor quality of services, and d) long distances to travel. [31][32][33] That's why privatization is affecting health and medical education in the same way, as areas of social and administrative reform and private and voluntary organizations with a hopeful important role in rising economic liberalization. [34] Now coinciding with falling public health investment, emergence of non-communicable diseases, and a spiraling demand, so there has been a steady growth in the corporatization of medical care.…”

Section: Health Economics: Rising Cost Of Medical Care and Medical Edmentioning

confidence: 99%