The Problem of Productivity Factors in the Economy of Modern Russia

The aim of the work was to study the dynamics and factors of development of the sectorial structure of employment in the period 2005-2019. To obtain estimates of the dynamics and factors of development of the sectorial structure of employment, we used regression analysis, factor analysis based on the model of principal components, and data on the structure of employment from Rosstat. Steadily growing and steadily shrinking industries are identified. It been established that the first main factor in the change in the sectorial structure of employment in the period under review can be char-acterized as a factor in the development of the export-raw material orientation of the economy and the development of the service sector, including scientific and technical, and the social sphere. The first main factor in the development of the sectorial structure of employment only partially contributed to the strengthening of the export-raw material orientation of the economy, and to greater extent contributed to the development of the modern post-industrial structure of the economy. The second and third main factors of changes in the sectorial structure of employment in the period under review are a reflec-tion of cyclical processes characteristic of modern economic systems. The fourth main factor in changes in the sectorial structure of employment reflects the phenomenon of the modern economy's insensitivity to the use of modern information technologies. There is a lack of susceptibility to scientific and technological progress by the modern economy of Russia at the macroeconomic level.

Sectorial structure of employment and factors of structural changes in the economy of modern Russia

Basovskaya

2021

Factors of the Structural Dynamics of the Economy of Modern Russia

Basovskiy

2021

The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of structural changes in the economy of modern Russia. Linear regression models used to assess trends in changing the contribution of industries to gross value added. The main factors of the sectorial structure of gross value added assessed by factor analysis based on a principal compo-nent model. The main factor in the dynamics of the sectorial structure is the factor of the development of sectors, which until recently were the least developed. It reflects the growth in the contribution of transport and communications, agriculture, real estate transactions, rent. The second most important factor reflects the cyclical redistribution of shares between industry - extractive and manufacturing and financial activities. The third factor reflects the cyclical redistribution of shares between household activities and most other sectors of the economy. The fourth main factor also reflects the cyclical redistribution of shares between industries. It assumed that the main factors of changes in the structure of the economy are associated with the transition processes taking place in the economy and reflecting the slow transition due to unfavorable institutional condi-tions to the dominance of the fifth post-industrial technological order.

Trends in the Sectorial and Professional Structure of Employment in the Tula Region

Basovskaya

2023

The purpose of the work was to study trends in the sectoral and professional structure of employment in the region. The paper uses data on the number of employed people by industry (type of activity) and occupational groups, which are presented by the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia for the Tula region. To assess trends in the structure of employment by industry and occupational groups, linear regression models were used, reflecting the number of employees by industry and occupational groups by year. The obtained results indicate that the development of the region’s economy is contradictory. The predominance of employment in the service sector indicates a transition to a post-industrial economy, but the absence of a trend in the redistribution of employment between the sectors of material production and the service sector may indicate a slow development of the transition process. Employment reduction trends in agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming, and mining reflect trends in the development of the post-industrial economy. But the trends in the reduction of employment in the field of information and communications, activities in health care and social services do not correspond to the main trends of post-industrial development. The growth in the number of specialists in the field of business and administration, specialists in information and communication technologies, specialists in the field of law, humanitarian fields and culture reflect the development trends of the post-industrial economy. But the growth trends in the number of workers, including unskilled workers, in material production correspond to the main trends of post-industrial development. The results obtained can be used to develop measures to improve the economic policy and plan the staffing.