THE PRODUCTION, CONCENTRATION, AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEA‐SALT AEROSOL<sup>*</sup>

Blanchard, Duncan C.; Woodcock, A. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb17130.x

Cited by 304 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Sea salt aerosols are produced by turbulence at the air-sea interface and cycle on a timescale of hours to a few days in the marine boundary layer [Blanchard and Woodcock, 1980]. The particle size distribution is lognormal around a mean that increases with sea salt concentration and turbulence at the air-sea interface.…”

Section: Global Sea Salt Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

Erickson¹,

Seuzaret²,

Keene³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

119

139

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Tg C1 yr -1 and 0.06 Tg C1 yr -1, respectively; virtually all in the Northern Hemisphere. Largest HC1 and C1NO2 fluxes occur in northern hemisphere winter due to high sea salt loading and elevated HNO3, SO2 and N205 concentrations. 70% of the HC1 dechlorination occurs on particles between 0.75 gm and 4 gm radius; C1NO2 volatilized from slightly larger particles. The aerosol pH of each particle size bin equilibrates towards the same value once the alkalinity has been titrated.

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Section: Global Sea Salt Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

Erickson¹,

Seuzaret²,

Keene³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

119

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seasalt particles are produced at the ocean surface by the bursting of entrained air bubbles produced by the action of wind (Woodcock, 1953;Blanchard & Woodcock, 1957, 1980Blanchard, 1983;Monahan, Spiel, & Davidson, 1986;Gong, Barrie, Blanchet, & Spacek, 1998). Mechanical generation typically produces particles ranging from 0.1 to 100 m in diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time measurement of sodium in single aerosol particles by flame emission: laboratory characterization

Clark

Campuzano‐Jost

Covert

et al. 2001

Journal of Aerosol Science

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A #ame emission aerosol sodium detector (ASD) has been developed to study the distribution of seasalt in individual marine aerosol droplets. The instrument detects sodium via D-line emission in a fuel-rich, laminar, hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen #ame. Laboratory studies with synthetic monodisperse aerosols were carried out in order to characterize the sensitivity, precision, and linearity of the technique. Experiments were also carried out with aerosols generated from mixed salt solutions and seawater in order to determine whether ionic or other matrix e!ects lead to interference. The ASD has a linear response function for NaCl aerosol particles from 100 nm to 2.0 m in diameter. The precision of sodium mass measurements is on the order of $3% standard error on replicate measurements, with a quantitative response to the sodium content of a single aerosol particle that is independent of the chemical composition of the particle, i.e. anions, cations, seawater. No interferences were found with major ions in seawater and common atmospheric aerosols. These experiments demonstrate a detection limit equivalent to a 100 nm diameter dry 100% NaCl aerosol.

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“…We integrated a coastal salt transportation and deposition formula (equation (1); Meira, Andrade, Padaratz, Alonso, & Borba, 2006; Meira, Andrade, Alonso, Padaratz, & Borba, 2007) with an expression for the vertical concentration gradient of salts in maritime air masses (Equation (2); Blanchard & Woodcock, 1980). The sum of these two formulas gives an estimate of salt deposition for terrestrial locations at a given distance from the coast, a given elevation above sea level, and a given wind speed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local patterns of diversity in California northern coastal scrub

Wrubel

Parker

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Within global biodiversity hotspots such as the California Floristic Province, local patterns of diversity must be better understood to prioritize conservation for the greatest number of species. This study investigates patterns of vascular plant diversity in relation to coast–inland environmental gradients in the shrublands of Central California known as northern coastal scrub. We sampled coastal shrublands of the San Francisco Bay Area at coastal and inland locations, modeled fine‐scale climatic variables, and developed an index for local exposure to maritime salts. We compared diversity, composition, and structure of the coastal and inland plots using indirect gradient analysis and estimated species accumulation using rarefaction curves. Coastal plots were significantly higher in alpha, beta, and gamma diversity than inland plots. Plant diversity (effective species number) in coastal plots was 2.1 times greater than inland plots, and beta diversity was 1.9 times greater. Estimated richness by rarefaction was 2.05 times greater in coastal sites than inland sites. Salt deposition and water availability were the abiotic process most strongly correlated with increased maritime plant diversity and compositional differences. Stands of northern coastal scrub on the immediate coast with higher maritime influence exhibit markedly higher plant diversity than most interior stands, paralleling previous work in other vegetation types in this region. These studies suggest that the California coastline deserves special consideration for botanical conservation. Fine‐scale climatic models of cloud frequency, water availability, and the salt deposition index presented here can be used to define priority areas for plant conservation in California and other coastal regions worldwide.

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THE PRODUCTION, CONCENTRATION, AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEA‐SALT AEROSOL^*

Cited by 304 publications

References 49 publications

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

Real-time measurement of sodium in single aerosol particles by flame emission: laboratory characterization

Local patterns of diversity in California northern coastal scrub

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THE PRODUCTION, CONCENTRATION, AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEA‐SALT AEROSOL*

Cited by 304 publications

References 49 publications

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO2 production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO2 production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

Real-time measurement of sodium in single aerosol particles by flame emission: laboratory characterization

Local patterns of diversity in California northern coastal scrub

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Product

Resources

About

THE PRODUCTION, CONCENTRATION, AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEA‐SALT AEROSOL^*

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory

A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO₂ production from sea salt dechlorination: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory