The Production of Organic Acids in the Pig: Ii. The Effect of Diet on the Levels of Volatile Fatty Acids and Lactic Acid in Sections of the Alimentary Tract

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to measure voladle fatty acids -and lactic acid in the alimentary tract of pigs. The animals had been fed either a cellulose-, bran-or dried whey-supplemented diet before slaughter.The cellulose-supplemented di# generally g ve a lower lotal organi-c acid content than did the control diet. for each section of the tract examined.A high concentration and large quantiry of organic acid characterized the colon of the pig.In the secoridexoeriment. where the control diet was supplemented with either bran or drieh whey, iormic acid was found only in the stomach and small intesdne of each pii. Lactic acid in the laree iniestine was found less often in the bran-fed pisi than it was in the piss fed the other two diets.The digesta of the iriall intestine gave th6 l-owest (P < 0.01) total concentratioi (meq./100 ml.) of oreaniE acid. The concentration of acid in the caecum of tlie control pigs wi nearly twice that reported for the caecum of catde.The proportion of lactic acid decreased progressively as the digesta passed aion'g the tracq the differences being liishly significant (P < d.0l) between the upper sections (stomach and smlll inte'stine) and lower sections (caecum and colon). There was a tendency for the bran-fed pigs to have e greater proportion of acetic acid in the dlgesta than the controls.. Ageti,c' propionic'an<i butyric acids were found in thi caecum of the bran-fed pigs in the proportions of 60, 32 md, 7,5 per cent, respectively. The type of diet and ihe-locality of th6 digesta afietted significdndy th6 proporcibh of acids found in the alimentary tract.The largest quanti* of organic acid (sm.) was found in the stomach and slighfy less-in the'proximil portion of ihe colon. The total quantity of organic acid present in the alimentary trect at the dme of examination was cal-culated to be 45, 60 and 49 grams for the control, whey-and the bran-fed pigs respecdvely.

Effects of Wheat Bran and Porridge Oats on Hepatic Portal Venous Volatile Fatty Acids in the Pig

“…In the latter (depending on diet), butyrate contrib utes 10-30% of total short-chain acids in large bowel digesta and 10-20% in the portal vein [3,4,11], In the pig butyrate was much lower in concentration in both compart ments. Friend et al [12,13] have previously noted this distributional pattern in the ali mentary tract of the pig and we can add that the low concentration of butyrate is not re lated to either the source of dietary fibre or feeding frequency. The relative absence of butyrate is of considerable interest as this acid is a major oxidative fuel for the cells of the coionic mucosa [14].…”

Fistulation de l'estomac et contenus gastriques résiduels après ingestion d'un régime semi-purifié à base d'amidon de maïs chez le Porc

“…Cette différence équivaut, lors de collecte des contenus gastriques résiduels, à une évacuation supplémentaire apparente en 7 h de 20 p. 100 de l'amidon ingéré. Si importante que puisse être la production par fermentation d'acides organiques dans l'estomac (Friend, Cunningham et Nicholson, 1963 ;Argenzio et Clemens, Stevens et Southworth, 1975), elle ne saurait en aucune façon expliquer la différence observée entre les résultats obtenus par les deux techniques de collecte. On sait par ailleurs que la digestibilité apparente de la matière sèche n'est guère que de 4 p. 100 au niveau gastro-duodénal (Keys et (Cuber et Laplace, 1979b (Rérat, 1977).…”

Contribution du gros intestin à la digestion des glucides et des matières azotées chez le monogastrique omnivore

“…Par (Simic et Ilic, 1976) qu'au plan de la durée de transit (Hill, 1969 ;Hecker et Grovum, 1975 (Eyssen, 1973 ;Combe et al, 1976), aux mouvements des électrolytes et de l'eau (Cummings, 1975a, b) et aux vitamines du groupe B (Rérat, 1964(Rérat, , 1981Hotzel et Barnes, 1966 l'enzyme (Aumaitre, 1971 ;Manners, 1976 (Février, 1969 ;Shearer et Dunkin, 1968a). Il se produit alors une augmentation marquée du volume du gros intestin (Février, Collet et Bourdon, 1973 ; Dunkin, 1968b) Davies, 1963 ;Clemens, Stevens et Southworth, 1975 ;Etienne, 1969 ;Cranwell et al, 1976) ; leur concentration reste faible dans l'intestin grêle (Etienne, 1969 ;Friend, Cunningham et Nicholson, 1963a) ; elle s'accroît faiblement dans la partie postérieure de l'intestin grêle (Sambrook, 1979), brutalement dans le caecum (Ludvigsen et Thorbek, 1961) Cunningham, 1964). Au cours de leur passage dans la muqueuse, des quantités non négligeables en sont utilisées (Ly, 1974 ; Namioka, 1978a, b (Bowland, Young et Milligan, 1971 (Just, 1980).…”