The progenitor of SN1987A

Gilmozzi, R.; Cassatella, A.; Clavel, J.; Fransson, Claes; Gonzàlez, R.; Gry, C.; Panagia, N.; Talavera, A.; Wamsteker, W.

doi:10.1038/328318a0

Cited by 103 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…And the IUE observations indicated that such a star was not shining any more after the explosion: the blue supergiant star unambiguously was the SN progenitor. This heretic possibility was first suggested in Panagia et al [39] and confirmed by the more detailed analyses presented by Gilmozzi et al [20] and Sonneborn, Altner & Kirshner [52].…”

Section: Sn 1987a Progenitor Starsupporting

confidence: 69%

Supernova 1987a: Celebrating a Silver Jubilee

Panagia

2013

Acta Polytech

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Abstract. The story of the SN 1987A explosion is briefly reviewed. Although this supernova was somewhat peculiar, the study of SN 1987A has clarified quite a number of important aspects of the nature and the properties of supernovae, such as the confirmation of the core collapse of a massive star as the cause of the explosion, as well the confirmation that the decays 56 Ni-56 Co-56 Fe at early times and 44 Ti-44 Sc at late times, are the main sources of the energy radiated by the ejecta. Still we have not been able to ascertain whether the progenitor was a single star or a binary system, nor have we been able to detect the stellar remnant, a neutron star that should be produced in the core collapse process.

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Section: Sn 1987a Progenitor Starsupporting

confidence: 69%

Supernova 1987a: Celebrating a Silver Jubilee

Panagia

2013

Acta Polytech

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“…• 202) could be directly identified (Gilmozzi et al 1987). Surprisingly, the massive (M ZAMS ∼ 16−22 M , Arnett et al 1989) progenitor star was not a red supergiant (RSG) with a radius of a few hundred R as envisioned by contemporary theory, but rather a compact (R 50 R ) blue supergiant (BSG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metallicity study of 1987A-like supernova host galaxies

Taddia

Sollerman

Razza

et al. 2013

A&A

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Context. The origin of the blue supergiant (BSG) progenitor of Supernova (SN) 1987A has long been debated, along with the role that its sub-solar metallicity played. We now have a sample of SN 1987A-like events that arise from the rare core collapse (CC) of massive (∼20 M ) and compact ( 100 R ) BSGs. Aims. The metallicity of the explosion sites of the known BSG SNe is investigated, as well as the association of BSG SNe to starforming regions. Methods. Both indirect and direct metallicity measurements of 13 BSG SN host galaxies are presented, and compared to those of other CC SN types. Indirect measurements are based on the known luminosity-metallicity relation and on published metallicity gradients of spiral galaxies. In order to provide direct metallicity measurements based on strong line diagnostics, we obtained spectra of each BSG SN host galaxy both at the exact SN explosion sites and at the positions of other H ii regions. We also observed these hosts with narrow Hα and broad R-band filters in order to produce continuum-subtracted Hα images. This allows us to measure the degree of association between BSG SNe and star-forming regions, and to compare it to that of other SN types. Results. BSG SNe are found to explode either in low-luminosity galaxies or at large distances from the nuclei of luminous hosts. Therefore, their indirectly measured metallicities are typically lower than those of SNe IIP and Ibc. This result is confirmed by the direct metallicity estimates, which show slightly sub-solar oxygen abundances (12 + log (O/H) ∼ 8.3-8.4 dex) for the local environments of BSG SNe, similar to that of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), where SN 1987A exploded. However, we also note that two objects of our sample (SNe 1998A and 2004em) were found at near solar metallicity. SNe IIb have a metallicity distribution similar to that of our BSG SNe. Finally, we find that the degree of association to star-forming regions is similar among BSG SNe, SNe IIP and IIn. Conclusions. Our results suggest that LMC metal abundances play a role in the formation of some 1987A-like SNe. This would naturally fit in a single star scenario for the progenitors. However, the existence of two events at nearly solar metallicity suggests that also other channels, e.g. binarity, contribute to produce BSG SNe.

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“…Thanks to its proximity to the earth, numbers of observations including the precise light curves and spectroscopies, the finding of the progenitor in pre-explosion images, and the detection of neutrinos have been obtained to manifest that core collapse of a massive star indeed triggers the supernova (Gilmozzi et al 1987;Hirata et al 1987;Woosley 1988;Suntzeff & Bouchet 1990). For theory of stellar evolution, however, the observation casts a perplexing question: the progenitor was a blue-supergiant (BSG) and once had been a red-supergiant (RSG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A progenitor model of SN 1987A based on the slow-merger scenario

Urushibata

Takahashi

Umeda

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

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Even after elaborate investigations for 30 years, we still do not know well how the progenitor of SN 1987A has evolved. To explain unusual red-to-blue evolution, previous studies suggest that in a red giant stage either the increase of surface He abundance or the envelope mass was necessary. It is usually supposed that the He enhancement is caused by the rotational mixing, and the mass increase is by a binary merger. Thus, we have investigated these scenarios thoroughly. The obtained findings are that rotating single star models do not satisfy all the observational constraints and that the enhancement of envelope mass alone does not explain observations. Here, we consider a slow merger scenario in which both the He abundance and the envelope mass enhancements are expected to occur. We indeed show that most observational constraints such as the red-to-blue evolution, lifetime, total mass, position in the HR diagram at collapse, and the chemical anomalies are well reproduced by the merger model of 14 and 9 M ⊙ stars. We also discuss the effects of the added envelope spin in the merger scenarios.

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The progenitor of SN1987A

Cited by 103 publications

References 0 publications

Supernova 1987a: Celebrating a Silver Jubilee

Supernova 1987a: Celebrating a Silver Jubilee

A metallicity study of 1987A-like supernova host galaxies

A progenitor model of SN 1987A based on the slow-merger scenario

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