The Properties of Binary Mixtures of Ethoxylated Octyl Phenols with Ethoxylated Fluorinated Alkanols at the Water/Air Interface

Abstract

Surface tension measurements were carried out for systems containing binary mixtures of ethoxylated tertoctylphenols (with an average of 10 or 16 ethylene oxide groups-HC8PEO10 and HC8PEO16, respectively) with perfluorinated n-alcohol ethoxylates (fluoropentanol with an average of 10 ethylene oxide groups FC5EO10, and fluorohexanol with an average of 14 ethylene oxide groups FC6EO14). The obtained results and calculations indicate that fluorinated surfactants have the better efficiency and effectiveness in the reduction of surface tension of water that the hydrocarbonated alkyl phenol ethoxylates and that their mole fraction in the mixed monolayer at water-air interface for mixtures containing a 0.2 molar fraction of fluorinated surfactants in bulk phase is considerable higher than in the bulk phase. At concentrations of mixtures corresponding to saturated monolayer at water-air interface there is a synergetic effect in the reduction of c LV for a mixture of HC8PEO16 ? FC5EO10 at a 0.2 molar fraction of HC8PEO16; however, taking into account the lowest value of the molecular interaction parameter for mixed micelles calculated on the basis of Rosen approach, the result is that the best synergism takes place for mixture of HC8PEO16 ? FC6EO14 at a 0.2 molar fraction of HC8PEO16. Moreover, the ability of the mixed monolayer formation relative to the mixed micelle formation varies with the concentration and composition of the studied mixtures.

Determination of Acoustical Parameters of Aqueous Solution of Kolliphors Binary Mixtures Using Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Surface Tension Measurements

“…The surface tension ( γ LV ) of the surfactant aqueous solutions (Fig. ) was used to determine the CMC , Π CMC (the difference between the surface tension of the solvent, γ 0 , and the solute at the CMC, γ CMC ), (the standard Gibbs energy of micellization) (Szymczyk, ), and (the free energy at the water‐air interface) (Sugihara et al, ), γ 0 / γ CMC as well as (the mole fraction of surfactant in the mixed micelle), β M (molecular interaction parameter), and (the activity coefficients of surfactants 1 and 2 in the mixed micelle), g M (the excess Gibbs energy of the mixed micelle), and ε M (the molecule exchange energy in the mixed micelle) based on the Rubingh and Rosen theory (Hua and Rosen, ; Rosen, ; Rubingh, ; Wang et al, ). The calculated parameters are presented in Table .…”

Temperature Effect on the Adsorption and Volumetric Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Kolliphor®ELP

“…On the other Table 1 presents the calculated different parameters determining the surface and bulk properties of aqueous solutions of ELP based on the values of their surface tension (γ LV ) ( Figure 1). These parameters include: CMC (critical micelle concentration), surfactant efficiency for water surface tension reduction, which means the concentration of the surfactant for 20 mN/m reduction of the surface tension (C 20 ), preference of the surfactant for adsorption in relation to the micelle formation with the pointer indicating possible reduction of water surface tension due to the surfactant presence (CMC/C 20 ), the surface pressure at the CMC (Π CMC ), the surface excess concentration at the surface saturation (Γ m ), the minimum surface area per molecule (A m ), as well as the standard free enthalpy (∆G 0 mic and ∆G 0 ad ), enthalpy (∆H 0 mic and ∆H 0 ad ) and entropy (∆S 0 mic and ∆S 0 ad ) of micellization and adsorption [11][12][13]. For studied ELP solutions, Γ m and A m were calculated from the equations:…”

“…where C represents the concentration of surfactant, R is a gas constant, T is temperature and N is an Avogadro number [11,12]. Next, the values of ∆G 0 mic and ∆G 0 ad were determined:…”

Adsorption of Triton X-100 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide mixture with ethanol at nylon-6–solution interface with regard to nylon-6 wettability: I. The effect of adsorption on critical surface tension of nylon-6 wetting

“…They lower the surface tension of the liquid and change the solid-liquid interfacial tension to such a degree that the complete spreading of the liquid on the solid surface may occur. The multicomponent surfactant systems are usually applied because they often show a synergetic effect in the water surface tension reduction in comparison to the single-surfactant solutions at the same concentration (Rosen 2004;Szymczyk 2011Szymczyk , 2012Szymczyk and Jańczuk 2010;Bielawska et al 2012). Moreover, there are many organic and inorganic additives which can modify the volumetric and surface properties of the wetting liquid and the short-chain alcohols like methanol or ethanol are the most popular among them (Rosen 2004;Zana 1995;Zdziennicka 2009aZdziennicka , 2010a.…”