The prospect of microbial oil production and applications from oil palm biomass

Ahmad, Farah B.; Zhang, Zhanying; Doherty, William O.S.; O’Hara, Ian M.

doi:10.1016/j.bej.2018.12.003

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…The method utilizes suitable enzymes to extract the oil from seeds. Although the process is proving its potential, the application of this technology is still facing limitations such as higher cost of enzymes, higher incubation time, and the need for de-emulsification during downstream processing [28,36]. The implementation of techniques such as affinity chromatography and perfusion chromatography makes the downstream processing easier, while the immobilization of enzymes minimizes the enzyme losses and overall cost [37].…”

Section: Enzymatic Oil Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Production Technologies

et al. 2021

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Dependence on fossil fuels for meeting the growing energy demand is damaging the world’s environment. There is a dire need to look for alternative fuels that are less potent to greenhouse gas emissions. Biofuels offer several advantages with less harmful effects on the environment. Biodiesel is synthesized from the organic wastes produced extensively like edible, non-edible, microbial, and waste oils. This study reviews the feasibility of the state-of-the-art feedstocks for sustainable biodiesel synthesis such as availability, and capacity to cover a significant proportion of fossil fuels. Biodiesel synthesized from oil crops, vegetable oils, and animal fats are the potential renewable carbon-neutral substitute to petroleum fuels. This study concludes that waste oils with higher oil content including waste cooking oil, waste palm oil, and algal oil are the most favorable feedstocks. The comparison of biodiesel production and parametric analysis is done critically, which is necessary to come up with the most appropriate feedstock for biodiesel synthesis. Since the critical comparison of feedstocks along with oil extraction and biodiesel production technologies has never been done before, this will help to direct future researchers to use more sustainable feedstocks for biodiesel synthesis. This study concluded that the use of third-generation feedstocks (wastes) is the most appropriate way for sustainable biodiesel production. The use of innovative costless oil extraction technologies including supercritical and microwave-assisted transesterification method is recommended for oil extraction.

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Section: Enzymatic Oil Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Production Technologies

et al. 2021

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“…Loh had given detailed Residue-to-Production Ratio (RPR) for all the wastes, with 0.135 for mesocarp fibres (MF), 0.055 for palm kernel shell (PKS), and effective 37.24t/ha of oil palm trunk (OPT), and effective 5.20t/ha for oil palm fronds (OPF) pruned at the age of 7 years and effective 7.24t/ha for replanted OPF [71]. The lignin contents of the residues are also given by Ahmad [72]. EFB is currently commercially used in bioethanol production, and several studies had researched on the possibilities of co-production of lignin from other sugar fractions, mainly on the alteration to existing pre-treatment of EFB in Brazil [70,73].…”

Section: Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Conversion of Lignin Waste into Value-Added Resources in Tropical Countries

Lim

Yusup

Loy

et al. 2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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The potential of lignin is huge mainly in refining into biofuels and useful chemicals. Tropical countries have large reserve of biomass; however, lignin is underutilized. Hence, this paper aims to evaluate the lignin potential from biomass and current utilization level in tropical countries such as Brazil, Africa, and Southeast Asia. This paper relevant information is derived from multiple sources, included papers from ISI and Scopus indexed journals, international databases, and online patent search engine. In short, Brazil, has the largest lignin potential, mainly from sugarcane industry, and the highest lignin utilization level at TRL8. Africa had limited information and the least reported amount of studies on biomass available in the studied regions. Southeast Asia countries have oil palm and sugarcane as their largest lignin sources, and a TRL4 lignin utilization level. In Malaysia, oil palm refinery residues are the largest sources of lignin, which are readily to be extracted and processed into value-added products. Lignin utilization industry is also supported by some government policies. In this case, integrated biorefinery is a promising approach in achieving feasible conversion and utilization of lignin in Malaysia, where it adds value to various agricultures wastes produced, while also reducing the waste disposal problems.

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“…As piezoelectricity was discovered in wood a long time ago, it is expected that cellulose can exhibit the piezoelectric properties [24]. As piezoelectric effect occurs due to polarization density change and dipole moments within a material, a highly crystalline structure will exhibit significant piezoelectricity [25]. The piezoelectricity of crystalline nanoscale materials, such as CNC and CNF, is projected to be more prominent than in wood [26].…”

Section: Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The orientation of CNC crystals and its permanent dipole moment have a major effect on the overall piezoelectricity [27]. The piezoelectric properties of cellulose could also be attributed to its anisotropic triclinic and monoclinic unit crystal structure that is related to unevenly distributed carbon atoms and change of polarization density of charged atomic groups under electric fields [25]. Among cellulose that has been tested for piezoelectric properties was bacterial nanocellulose, CNF and CNC from bleached birch cellulose mass and onion skin [24,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Bionanomaterial Thin Film for Piezoelectric Applications

Hatta

Ahmad

2020

Advances in Nanotechnology and Its Applications

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Wearable and flexible electronics are recently gaining interest due to the expansion of Internet of things (IoT). Thin-film piezoelectric materials have the potential to be used in the development of flexible electronic devices in energy harvesting, sensing, and biomedicine. This is mainly because of the inherent ability of piezoelectric materials to convert the mechanical energy into the electrical energy and vice versa. Piezoelectricity in material represents the property of certain crystalline structures that are capable of developing electricity when pressure is applied. However, conventional piezoelectric materials such as PZT (lead zirconate titanate) and PVDF (poly(vinylidene flouride)) are expensive, non-renewable, nonbiodegradable, and lack biocompatibility due to the cytotoxic nature of lead-based materials. Piezoelectric materials from natural polymers of biomaterials may provide a solution for the drawbacks of piezoceramics and piezoelectric polymers. This review's emphasis is on the piezoelectricity of various bionanomaterials (cellulose, chitin, chitosan, collagen, amino acid, and peptide). The various methods used to measure piezoelectricity of biomaterials are also discussed. This study shows that biomaterials have the potential to be used as piezoelectric nanogenerators in energy harvesting, sensors and biosensors, as well as in cell and tissue engineering, wound healing and drug delivery.

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The prospect of microbial oil production and applications from oil palm biomass

Cited by 45 publications

References 118 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Production Technologies

A Comprehensive Review on Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Production Technologies

Review on Conversion of Lignin Waste into Value-Added Resources in Tropical Countries

Bionanomaterial Thin Film for Piezoelectric Applications

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