The protective effect of Borago Officinalis extract on amyloid β (25–35)-induced long term potentiation disruption in the dentate gyrus of male rats

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) begins with impairment in synaptic functions before developing into later neurodegeneration and neural loss. In the present study we have examined the protective effects of Borago Officinalis (borage) extract on amyloid β (Aβ)--Induced long term potentiation (LTP) disruption in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Wistar male rats received intrahippocampal (IHP) injection of the Aβ (25-35) and borage extract throughout gestation (100 mg/kg). LTP in perforant path- DG synapses was assessed using electrophysiology method and field excitatory post- synaptic potential (fEPSP) slope and population spike (PS) amplitude were measured by 400 Hz tetanization. Finally, the total thiol content of hippocampus was measured using colorimetric reaction based on the Ellman's method. The results showed that Aβ (25-35) significantly decreased fEPSP slope and SP amplitude comparing with the control and sham group, whereas borage extract administration increased these parameters compared to the Aβ group. Aβ induced a remarkable decrease in total thiol content of hippocampus and borage prevented the decrease of the hippocampal total sulfhydryl (SH) groups. This data suggest that Aβ (25-35) can effectively inhibit LTP in the granular cells of the DG in hippocampus, and borage supplementation reverse the synaptic plasticity in DG following Aβ treatment and that borage consumption may lead to an improvement of AD-induced cognitive dysfunction.

Protective Effects of 5-HT1A Receptor Inhibition and 5-HT2A Receptor Stimulation Against Streptozotocin-Induced Apoptosis in the Hippocampus

“…Hippocampus has a critical role on the learning and memory (60). Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal neurons involves in the memory formation (4). Several agents as well as neurotransmitters such cholinergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, GABAerigic, vanilloid, cannabinoid systems influence the hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning and memory (3, 60, 61).…”

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder (1) that leads to progressive cognitive dysfunction (2–4) and affects different areas of the brain such as the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampus (3, 5). The hippocampus, a brain area critical for learning and memory, is a vulnerable and plastic brain structure that is damaged at early stages of AD (6–8).…”

Short Communication: Protective Effects of Cyperus Rotundus Extract on Amyloid β-Peptide (1-40)-Induced Memory Impairment in Male Rats: A Behavioral Study

“…The animals were randomly classified into the following groups (n=7 each group): The control group which was left undisrupted; and The sham-operated group. The Aβ model group received single bilateral intrahippocampal (IHP) injections of 6 μg Aβ 1-40 ( Zargooshnia et al, 2014 ). The Cyperus rotundus -treated group received intraperitoneal injection of C. rotundus extract (400 mg/kg) following IHP injection of Aβ 1-40 for 14 days ( Hsieh, Peng, Wu, & Wang, 2000 ).…”

“…The previously established method of stereotaxic surgery was used ( Zargooshnia et al, 2014 ) In brief, rats were anesthetized by xylazine (10 mg/kg) and ketamine (100 mg/kg), and placed into a stereotaxic device (Stoelting, USA). After retraction of scalp, the area surrounding bregma was cleaned and dried.…”

“…Furthermore, the external antioxidants can prevent the detrimental consequences of Aβ and are considered as a promoting approach to neuroprotection in the AD brain ( Ghahremanitamadon et al, 2014 ; Zargooshnia et al, 2014 ). Cyperus rotundus , as a species of sedge and traditional medicine are widely used worldwide to treat stomach ailments and wounds ( Puratchikody, Devi, & Nagalakshmi, 2006 ; Uddin, Mondal, Shilpi, & Rahman, 2006 ).…”