The protective effect of chrysin against carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney and liver tissue damage in rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of chrysin on oxidative status and histological alterations against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and kidney tissue in rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups; the control, chrysin (100 mg/kg), CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg) and chrysin + CCl4 groups. Liver and kidney injuries were assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in tissues. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels were also measured in blood samples. MDA, serum TNF-α, AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels (p < 0.05) were significantly higher, and SOD activity and GSH level were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Treatment with chrysin in the chrysin + CCl4 group decreased MDA, AST, ALT, creatinine, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05), and increased SOD activity, GSH levels (p < 0.05), and serum TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). In addition, body weight change (BWC) (p < 0.05) and feed intake (FI) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Moreover, treatment with chrysin increased BWC and FI in the chrysin + CCl4 group compared with that in the CCl4 group. These findings also confirmed by histopathological examination. The chrysin treatment ameliorated the CCl4-induced biochemical and pathological alterations. These results demonstrated that chrysin provided amelioration on the rat liver and kidney tissues CCl4-induced injury by increasing the antioxidant activity.

Protective Effects of Chrysin against Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Approach

“…[16] Furthermore, Chy protected against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatorenal damage by increasing antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD and GSH levels) and decreasing TNF-α and MDA levels. [39] Our results collectively suggested that the protective effect of Chy against CyC-induced cardiac damage may be associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.…”

Chrysin Attenuates Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in Rats via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects: The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/Angiotensin (1-7)/Mas Receptor Axis

“…This result coincided with a remarkable attenuation of the cell degeneration in H&E staining. The effect of chrysin to on liver function marker enzymes is previously reported [ 33 , 50 – 54 ] and could be explained in terms of its antioxidant characteristics [ 25 ].…”

“…The fructose-induced inflammatory response was markedly ameliorated by chrysin, particularly with the dose of 50 mg/kg. Similarly, several studies demonstrated the hepatoprotective activity of chrysin by reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines [ 33 , 50 , 52 , 63 , 64 ]. This effect could be attributed to the suppression of NF- κ B.…”

“…Here, we reported that chrysin (25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated this imbalance, suggesting increased scavenging ability of free radicals and the hepatoprotective effect via antioxidant properties. The chrysin's antioxidant activity has been reported in several animal models via different mechanisms [ 50 – 53 , 60 , 63 – 65 ].…”

The Antioxidant Properties of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Its Biochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Pathological Effects on Nicotine-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Rat Liver

“…Finally, this process consequently induces oxidative stress in body tissues, especially in the liver, because the main metabolism center of nicotine is the liver [ 6 ]. In the end, the obtained product of lipid peroxidation is an active and highly reactive aldehyde compound named as malondialdehyde (MDA), which can be used as an indicator to evaluate oxidative stress [ 7 ].…”