The Protective Effect ofMelissa officinalisL. in Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rat Using 2 Models of Acid-induced Colitis and Stress-induced Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Possible Role of Nitric Oxide Pathway

Abstract

Background/AimsThe aim of present study is to estimate the effects of Melissa officinalis L. (MO) on visceral hypersensitivity (VH), defecation pattern and biochemical factors in 2 experimental models of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the possible role of nitric oxide.MethodsTwo individual models of IBS were induced in male Wistar-albino rats. In the acetic acid model, the animals were exposed to rectal distension and abdominal withdrawal reflex, and the defecation patterns were determined. In the restraint stress model, the levels of TNF-α, myeloperoxidase, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant powers were determined in the (removed) colon. Rats had been treated with MO, L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), aminoguanidine (AG), MO + AG, or MO + L-NAME in the mentioned experimental models.ResultsHypersensitive response to rectal distension and more stool defecation in control rats have been observed in comparison to shams. MO-300 significantly reduced VH and defecation frequency in comparison to controls. VH and defecation pattern did not show significant change in AG + MO and L-NAME + MO groups compared to controls. Also, significant reduction in TNF-α, myeloperoxidase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and an increase in antioxidant power in MO-300 group was recorded compared to controls. AG + MO and L-NAME + MO groups showed a reverse pattern compared to MO-300 group.ConclusionsMO can ameliorate IBS by modulating VH and defecation patterns. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties along with its effect on the nitrergic pathway seem to play important roles in its pharmacological activity.

Antioxidant Capacity and Behavioral Relevance of a Polyphenolic Extract of Chrysanthellum americanum in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

“…Regarding antioxidant enzymes, decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were described for IBS patients, as compared to the healthy controls [32, 33]. These observations were also confirmed by IBS animal model studies of oxidative stress implication description as significantly increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant defense in intestinal tissues of several IBS rat models [5, 34].…”

Effect of a Synbiotic Containing Lactobacillus paracasei and Opuntia humifusa on a Murine Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

“…They were orally administered the test sample, depending on their group, for 4 weeks. To develop an IBS model where IBS was induced by chronic restraint stress, all groups were immobilized using plastic restrainers, allowing a close fit for 1 h daily during the 4 weeks of treatment ( Figure 1 ) [ 28 ].…”

“…They were orally administered the test sample, depending on their group, for 4 weeks. To develop an IBS model where IBS was induced by chronic restraint stress, all groups were immobilized using plastic restrainers, allowing a close fit for 1 h daily during the 4 weeks of treatment (Figure 1) [28]. During the study period, the bodyweight of the rats was checked daily, and stool consistency and serum corticosterone levels were assessed on the last day of every week.…”

Camelina sativa Methanolic and Ethanolic Extract Potential in Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Memory Deficits, and Affective Impairments in Stress Exposure-Based Irritable Bowel Syndrome Mouse Models

“…Regarding the oxidative stress implications in IBS, we previously described several correlations between the IBS pathological mechanisms and oxidative stress occurrence [ 20 ] and also recent reports showed that both signalling impairments and oxidative balance changes occur in some gastrointestinal and neurological disorders [ 21 , 22 ]. In this way, the oxidative changes were described in both IBS patients [ 23 – 25 ] and animal models [ 26 , 27 ].…”