The protective efficacy of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in newborn infants of hepatitis B e antigen-positive-hepatitis B surface antigen carrier mothers

Lee, C Y; Huang, Li‐Min; Chang, Mei Chi; Hsu, Chung-Te; Wu, Shu–Fen; Sung, Juei‐Low; Safary, A

doi:10.1097/00006454-199104000-00007

Cited by 69 publications

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“…5 The 5-year follow-up data of these infants were reported previously. 15 Six children had become HBsAg positive during infancy and remained so afterwards.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Three different protocols were in use at the time and the children were divided into three groups (groups A, B, and C). 5 There were 39 children (20 boys and 19 girls) in group A, 33 children (16 boys and 17 girls) in group B, and 46 children (24 boys and 22 girls) in group C. Four doses of HB vaccines (Engerix-B at 0, 1, 2, and 12 months of age) were given to subjects in groups A and B but with different dosages: Those in group A received 20 µg and those in group B 10 µg. Children in group C received three 20-µg doses of Engerix-B at the ages of 0, 1, and 6 months.…”

Section: History Of Previous Hb Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soon after vaccination, protective levels of antibody (anti-HBs Ͼ10 mIU/mL) can be detected in the great majority (83%-99%) of vaccinees. [5][6][7] The proportion of vaccinees with protective antiHBs levels decreases to 75% to 87% 5 years after vaccination and further drops to 50% to 70% 10 to 12 years after. 10,11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Because of the progressive decline of anti-HBs and the associated increased likelihood of development of new HBV infections, some investigators advise the use of a booster vaccination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 HB vaccines, both plasma derived and recombinant, are highly immunogenic and efficacious. [5][6][7][8][9][10] It has been reported that HB vaccine given soon after birth is able to protect infants from perinatal infection, and HB infection became the first disease model to show that mother-to-neonate transmission can be interrupted by an effective vaccine. 11 Taiwan started a national program of HB vaccination since 1984.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long–Term Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination and Response to Booster in Children Born to Mothers With Hepatitis B E Antigen

et al. 1999

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Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine provides an uncertain duration of protection and the optimal timing of booster vaccine remains unclear. This study examined the immune response at 10 years of 118 children who had developed protective anti-HB surface (anti-HBs) levels after a primary series of HB immunizations in infancy. All of the children were born to hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg)-positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers. HB markers in all subjects and cellular immune response in some were determined. A booster was given to all subjects after the collection of samples and another blood sample was collected 4 weeks later. The results showed that a total of 39 (33%) of the children were seronegative for anti-HBs. T-cell proliferative response to HBsAg was noted in 47% of children. On HBsAg stimulation, leukocyte samples from a significantly higher proportion of subjects produced cytokines (81% of T cells produced interleukin-2 [IL-2] and 100% produced IL-5). The booster dose of HB vaccine induced the production of a protective level of anti-HBs (H10 mIU/mL) in all subjects. Cellular immunity was augmented with a positive rate of 58%, 90%, and 100% for HBsAg-induced T-cell proliferation, IL-2 production, and IL-5 production, respectively. Although 14 (11.9%) of the subjects were HB core antibody positive at 10 years of age, no new HBsAg carrier was detected. The results of this study show that protection afforded by HB vaccination persisted to the age of 10 years in all vaccinees. Immunologic memory was detected in all subjects including those who had lost their anti-HBs seropositivity. These results suggest that no booster vaccination is needed before 10 years of age. The most sensitive marker of immunologic memory is IL-5 production of T cells. (HEPATOLOGY 1999;29: 954-959.)Taiwan is an endemic region for hepatitis B (HB). Before the implementation of a nationwide vaccination program in 1984, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier rate in the general population was 15% to 20%. 1-2 The major impact of HB infection is its long-term sequelae, which may include chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. 3 Perinatal infection accounts for 40% to 50% of all HB infections and is responsible for the generation-to-generation transmission of HBV. 4 HB vaccines, both plasma derived and recombinant, are highly immunogenic and efficacious. 5-10 It has been reported that HB vaccine given soon after birth is able to protect infants from perinatal infection, and HB infection became the first disease model to show that mother-to-neonate transmission can be interrupted by an effective vaccine. 11 Taiwan started a national program of HB vaccination since 1984. This program resulted in a significant reduction of the HB carrier rate in children under 10 years from 9.8% before nationwide vaccination to 1.3% after the program. 12 It also decreased the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children aged 6 to 9 years from 0.52 to 0.13 per 100,000. 13 However, the duration of protection provided by the...

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“…5 The 5-year follow-up data of these infants were reported previously. 15 Six children had become HBsAg positive during infancy and remained so afterwards.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: History Of Previous Hb Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long–Term Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination and Response to Booster in Children Born to Mothers With Hepatitis B E Antigen

et al. 1999

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“…[1][2][3][4] Many studies have shown that hepatitis vaccination can prevent both vertical and horizontal transmission of HBV. [5][6][7][8] Therefore, a mass hepatitis B vaccination programme was started in Taiwan in 1984. 9 A recent serological survey in Taipei showed that the overall prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children below 12 years of age had dropped from 9.8% in 1984 to 1.3% in 1994.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis b vaccination in preterm infants

1998

Indian J Pediatr

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Aim-To investigate the immunogenicity and safety of existing recommendations for hepatitis B vaccination in preterm infants. Methods-Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (H-B-VAX II, 5 µg per dose) was given to 85 preterm infants divided into two groups, using two diVerent schedules. Forty four group A infants with birthweights of < 2000 g received three doses at 1, 2, and 7 months of age. Forty one group B infants with birthweights of >2000 g received three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months of age. Results-After vaccination, 42 infants from group A (95%) and 37 infants from group B (90%) developed protective levels of antibody. The final seropositive rate and the geometric mean concentration of hepatitis B surface antibody between the two groups were not significantly diVerent. The immune response of preterm infants to hepatitis B vaccines was similar to that of term infants in a previous study. Conclusions-Preterm infants can be given hepatitis B vaccines using one of the above two diVerent schedules, at a cutoV birthweight of 2000 g. (Arch Dis Child 1997;77:F135-F138)

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Clinical and Economic Impact of a Combination Haemophilus influenzae and Hepatitis B Vaccine

Fendrick¹,

Lee²,

LaBarge³

et al. 1999

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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Background: Compliance with hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine remains suboptimal, despite a recommendation by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the US Public Health Service that all newborns be vaccinated. Although a combined HBV-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine may improve acceptance of the HBV vaccine, the clinical and economic consequences of this intervention are uncertain. Objectives: To compare the health impact and costeffectiveness of the following 2 immunization strategies: current practice of administering HBV vaccine separately (75% compliance) and Hib vaccine alone or as part of a multivalent vaccine (95% compliance); and strategy of delivering a combined HBV-Hib vaccine (95% compliance). Design: A Markov model simulated the natural history of acute and chronic HBV and Hib disease in a cohort of US newborns. Clinical and economic variables were obtained from published reports. Results: The Hib-related outcomes were the same in both strategies, because the efficacy and compliance with Hib vaccine were assumed to be equivalent in both. A 53% reduction in the number of cases of HBV infection with the combination strategy (n = 8541) was estimated when compared with current practice (n = 18 044), along with 205 fewer HBV-related deaths per 1 million infants.

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The protective efficacy of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in newborn infants of hepatitis B e antigen-positive-hepatitis B surface antigen carrier mothers

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Long–Term Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination and Response to Booster in Children Born to Mothers With Hepatitis B E Antigen

Long–Term Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination and Response to Booster in Children Born to Mothers With Hepatitis B E Antigen

Hepatitis b vaccination in preterm infants

Clinical and Economic Impact of a Combination Haemophilus influenzae and Hepatitis B Vaccine

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