The Protective Role of Butyrate against Obesity and Obesity-Related Diseases

Coppola, Serena; Avagliano, Carmen; Calignano, Antonio; Canani, Roberto Berni

doi:10.3390/molecules26030682

Cited by 180 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…It has been reported that the abundance of Bacteroidales family S24-7 was high in CD obesity-prone rats fed resistant starch [40]. A resistant starch diet has been reported to increase butyrate production by intestinal microbiota [41]. The relationship between butyric acid and Bacteroidales family S24-7 requires further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of a high-γ-polyglutamic acid-containing natto diet on liver lipids and cecal microbiota of adult female mice

Tamura

Watanabe

Hori

et al. 2021

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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Natto is a traditional Japanese fermented soy product high in γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), whose beneficial effects have been reported. We prepared high-γ-PGA natto and compared the dietary influence on liver lipids and cecal microbiota in mice fed a diet containing it or a standard diet. The mice were served a 30% high-γ-PGA natto diet (PGA group) or standard diet (Con group) for 28 days. Liver lipids, fecal lipids, and fecal bile acids were quantified. Cecal microbiota were analyzed by PCR amplification of the V3 and V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes and sequenced using a MiSeq System. Additionally, the cecal short-chain fatty acid profile was assessed. The results revealed that the liver lipid and triglyceride contents were significantly lower (p < 0.01) and amounts of bile acids and lipids in the feces were significantly higher in the PGA group than in the Con group. The cecal butyric acid concentration was observed to be significantly higher in the PGA group than in the Con group. Principal component analysis of the cecal microbiota revealed that the PGA and Con groups were distinct.The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was found to be significantly low in the PGA mice. The results revealed a significantly higher relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae (p < 0.05) and significantly lower relative abundance of Coriobacteriaceae (p < 0.01) in the PGA group.Analysis of the correlation between bacterial abundance and liver lipids, cecal short-chain fatty 3 acids, fecal lipids, and fecal bile acids suggested that intestinal microbiota can be categorized into different types based on lipid metabolism. Hepatic lipid accumulation typically facilitates the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our findings high-γ-PGA natto is a beneficial dietary component for the prevention of NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of a high-γ-polyglutamic acid-containing natto diet on liver lipids and cecal microbiota of adult female mice

Tamura

Watanabe

Hori

et al. 2021

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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show abstract

“…One of the greatest challenges in defining “a healthy gut” is that most of the variance (~85%) within the human microbiome is still unaccounted for, as confirmed by population-wide studies [ 76 , 77 ]. However, the relative abundance of microbes able to ferment non-digestible substrates such as dietary fibres to produce short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) continues to be one of the indisputable criteria for such a definition [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Of the major SCFAs produced—acetate, propionate and butyrate—butyrate is particularly important for the simple reason that it constitutes the main energy source for colonocytes [ 83 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plant-Based Meat Alternatives on the Gut Microbiota of Consumers: A Real-World Study

Toribio-Mateas

Bester

Klimenko

2021

Foods

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Eating less meat is increasingly seen as a healthier, more ethical option. This is leading to growing numbers of flexitarian consumers looking for plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) to replace at least some of the animal meat they consume. Popular PBMA products amongst flexitarians, including plant-based mince, burgers, sausages and meatballs, are often perceived as low-quality, ultra-processed foods. However, we argue that the mere industrial processing of ingredients of plant origin does not make a PBMA product ultra-processed by default. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a randomised controlled trial to assess the changes to the gut microbiota of a group of 20 participants who replaced several meat-containing meals per week with meals cooked with PBMA products and compared these changes to those experienced by a size-matched control. Stool samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing. The resulting raw data was analysed in a compositionality-aware manner, using a range of innovative bioinformatic methods. Noteworthy changes included an increase in butyrate metabolising potential—chiefly in the 4-aminobutyrate/succinate and glutarate pathways—and in the joint abundance of butyrate-producing taxa in the intervention group compared to control. We also observed a decrease in the Tenericutes phylum in the intervention group and an increase in the control group. Based on our findings, we concluded that the occasional replacement of animal meat with PBMA products seen in flexitarian dietary patterns can promote positive changes in the gut microbiome of consumers.

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“…However, recent studies have shown that butyric acid is able to interact with the orexigenic neurons present in the hypothalamus, whose role is to mediate food intake and provide a protective effect against the effects of a high-fat diet [ 90 ]. Furthermore, a lower presence of butyrate-producing bacteria has been linked with an increased risk of metabolic disease [ 91 ]. A study was conducted with obese volunteers suffering from metabolic syndrome, who were administered with sodium butyrate (4 g/day), showing a positive anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect [ 92 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Red Cabbage Extract Nanoencapsulated with Brassica Plasma Membrane Vesicles on the Gut Microbiome of Obese Volunteers

García-Ibáñez

Rosés

Agudelo

et al. 2021

Foods

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the red cabbage extracts on the bioaccessibility of their isothiocyanates, and their effect on the intestinal microbiota using a dynamic model of human digestion treated with the gut microbiome of obese adults. The elicitation of red cabbage plants with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) duplicated the content of glucosinolates (GSLs) in the plant organs used for elaborating the encapsulated formula. The use of plasma membrane vesicles, according to a proper methodology and technology, showed a high retention of sulforaphane (SFN) and indol-3-carbinol (I3C) over the course of the 14-day digestion study. The microbiome was scarcely affected by the treatments in terms of microbiota composition or the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, but a 3 to 4-fold increase was observed in the production of butyric acid with the encapsulated extract treatment. Based on our pilot red cabbage extract study, the consumption of this extract, mainly encapsulated, may play a potential role in the management of obesity in adults.

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The Protective Role of Butyrate against Obesity and Obesity-Related Diseases

Cited by 180 publications

References 166 publications

Effects of a high-γ-polyglutamic acid-containing natto diet on liver lipids and cecal microbiota of adult female mice

Effects of a high-γ-polyglutamic acid-containing natto diet on liver lipids and cecal microbiota of adult female mice

Impact of Plant-Based Meat Alternatives on the Gut Microbiota of Consumers: A Real-World Study

The Influence of Red Cabbage Extract Nanoencapsulated with Brassica Plasma Membrane Vesicles on the Gut Microbiome of Obese Volunteers

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