The psychological impact of COVID-19 infection on athletes: example of professional male football players

Lima, Yavuz; Denerel, Nevzad; Öz, Nazlı Deniz; Şenışık, Seçkin

doi:10.1080/24733938.2021.1933156

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The same results were obtained from the first countries affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such as China and South Korea [9,10]. The state of stress resulting from the pandemic and restrictive measures has long-term health effects, with an increased risk of physical and mental illness affecting sportsmen and sportswomen as well [11][12][13][14][15]. Even in the absence of pandemic situations, chronic stress is a major public health concern [16].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effects and Causes of Detraining in Athletes Due to COVID-19: A Review

Córdova

Caballero-García

Roche

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Several aspects of systemic alterations caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the resultant COVID-19 disease have been currently explored in the general population. However, very little is known about these particular aspects in sportsmen and sportswomen. We believe that the most important element to take into account is the neuromuscular aspect, due to the implications that this system entails in motion execution and coordination. In this context, deficient neuromuscular control when performing dynamic actions can be an important risk factor for injury. Therefore, data in this review refer mainly to problems derived in the short term from athletes who have suffered this pathology, taking into account that COVID-19 is a very new disease and the presented data are still not conclusive. The review addresses two key aspects: performance alteration and the return to regular professional physical activity. COVID-19 causes metabolic-respiratory, muscular, cardiac, and neurological alterations that are accompanied by a situation of stress. All of these have a clear influence on performance but at the same time in the strategy of returning to optimal conditions to train and compete again after infection. From the clinical evidence, the resumption of physical training and sports activity should be carried out progressively, both in terms of time and intensity.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effects and Causes of Detraining in Athletes Due to COVID-19: A Review

Córdova

Caballero-García

Roche

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Out of the 4 included studies, three were cross-sectional studies performed in Turkey [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], and one was a cohort study performed in Hungary [ 25 ]. Two of the included studies focused on football (English football, or soccer) players [ 22 , 23 ] and the other two included athletes from multiple disciplines [ 24 , 25 ]. The main characteristics of the included articles are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Mental Sequelae in Elite Athletes with Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review

Corona

Gualano

Rossi

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, many athletes from several sporting disciplines were infected with the SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current scientific evidence on the psychological sequelae and mental health of elite athletes who have been infected by the virus. The review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement; three databases were searched: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus. The initial search resulted in 2420 studies; after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract, 41 articles were screened by full-text. A total of four eligible articles were included in the review. All included articles measured depression and anxiety in athletes who had suffered from COVID-19, while in three papers levels of stress were measured. Overall, the only two questionnaires used in more than one study were the DASS-21 and the APSQ. In our systematic review, we highlighted that mental and psychological health in elite athletes has the same importance as physical health. This statement suggests that these examinations should be introduced and performed during the competitive sports’ medical examinations conducted at the start of the sporting season, which currently consists only of the examination of physical parameters. Due to lack of studies on the topic, the results of our review show that mental health in athletes with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an issue that requires more investigation, considering the evidence of clinical consequences. The importance of post-infection psychological sequelae is significant in assessing possible repercussions on the athletes’ sporting performance.

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“…Speaking more specifically about soccer teams, the publications on COVID and soccer often focus on particular aspects such as the impact of quarantine or COVID on team sports performance [18,19,[46][47][48] or the psychological impact of the pandemic on players and their families [33,49]. There are reports on the change in sporting outcomes caused by pandemic conditions, such as a lower win ratio when playing in stadiums without a crowd [17, [50][51][52][53][54] and FIFA regulations during the pandemic [55][56][57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and control of the COVID pandemic in an elite sports club: Real Madrid

Mihic¹,

Abascal²,

Chicharro³

et al. 2022

Rev Esp Quimioter

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The incidence and risk factors for poor outcome in patients with COVID are well known, as are the protective measures in high-risk populations. In contrast, the epidemiological and clinical behavior of this disease in the population of elite athletes who are the paradigm of good health is poorly understood. Data on COVID in athletes are scarce and have focused preferentially on the consequences on sports performance of confinement measures and on the pathophysiological risks of infected athletes. Real Madrid is a large elite sports institution with facilities in the City of Madrid where 600 athletes train daily. The incidence of COVID during a study period of 671 days of observation in athletes, professional or amateur, working in the institution has been 0,74 per 1,000 days of exposure. The disease has been asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic in all athletes and did not require any hospital admissions. The different teams did not have to suspend any of its sportive commitments for COVID during the study period and there was no evidence of outbreaks of internal transmission between members of the different teams.

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The psychological impact of COVID-19 infection on athletes: example of professional male football players

Cited by 25 publications

References 51 publications

Effects and Causes of Detraining in Athletes Due to COVID-19: A Review

Effects and Causes of Detraining in Athletes Due to COVID-19: A Review

Psychological and Mental Sequelae in Elite Athletes with Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review

Impact and control of the COVID pandemic in an elite sports club: Real Madrid

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