The Psychometric Features of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation in Iranians With Scaphoid or Distal Radius Fracture

Abstract

Objectives: It is essential to have a suitable instrument for the accurate assessments of pain and disability outcomes during interventions; such tools also help to guide hand surgery and rehabilitation programs in distal radius or scaphoid fracture. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric features of the Patient-rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire in Iranians with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures. Methods: One hundred and fifty subjects with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures were recruited from hospital-based outpatient hand clinics and completed the PRWE, 2 and 7 days after the occurrence of fracture. Additionally, the Quick-Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH), the percentage of Wrist Range of Motion (%ROM), Visual Analog Scale Pain/Disability (VAS-P, VAS-D), Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires, and pinch and grip strength (%) were conducted in the study participants. Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the scale, respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated for assessing the test’s construct validity. Results: No floor or ceiling effect was found. A very high test-retest reliability was obtained for the PRWE’s total score and subscores (ICC≥0.92). Cronbach’s α coefficient was obtained as ≥0.78 for the PRWE and its subscales. The PRWE total score presented a weak to strong (0.24-0.74) correlation with the average values of %ROM, %power grip, %pinch strength, VAS-P, VAS-D, SF-36, and Quick-DASH. The standard error of the measurement of PRWE total score equaled 3.93; its smallest real difference was 10.86. Discussion: The PRWE presented acceptable validity and excellent reliability for measuring disability and pain in individuals with the scaphoid and distal radius fractures in Iran.

Effect of Lower Body, Core and Upper Body Kinematic Chain Exercise Protocol on Throwing Performance and Shoulder Muscle Strength Among University Shot Put Athletes – A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Also, local social media channels, such as Facebook groups and What's app, were used to reach them. Shot-put athletes were included in this study if they met the following inclusion criteria: Healthy shot-put athletes -2021 PAR-Q+ pre-participation evaluation questionnaire score of zero [18], Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) -Sports/Performing Arts Module score of 0%, [19] Male and female shot-put athletes, Minimum shot-put throwing distance (power position shot-put throwing): For Boys (with 6 kg shot put) -8 mts and above, For Girls (with 4 kg shot put) -6 mts and above, Athletes aged between 19 and 24 yrs, Athletes in and around Bangalore and Athletes willing to participate in the study sign the consent form and strictly follow the exercise protocol. Additionally, subjects reporting history of shoulder, waist, and chest surgery, a fracture or dislocation of the affected shoulder, inflammatory joint disease, fibromyalgia, elbow injuries, wrist and hand injuries, and shoulder trauma or current shoulder pathology (traumatic injury, glenohumeral joint dislocation, acromioclavicular joint separation), subjects reporting a history of recent upper limb trauma.…”