The psychometric properties of the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI) in Taiwan: reliability, validity, and utility

Kao, Yu Hsun; Wang, Tzong-Shi; Lu, Chien-Wen; Cheng, Tsung-Hsing; Liu, Yia-Ping

doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0428-y

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The mean PDI total score in our patients (69.38) was also smaller than in previous studies (e.g. 128.14 in Kao et al [ 51 ]; 91.04 in Lim et al [ 52 ]). It is possible that our patients, who had first-episode psychosis, had lower delusional ideation than patients in other studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Rather, delusion-prone individuals in this study endorsed a greater number of delusion-like beliefs and had a higher PDI total score than patients. Previous studies using the PDI have reported number of beliefs endorsed in non-clinical individuals ranging from 5.40 to 11.32 [ 23 , 51 – 54 ]. Mean number of PDI beliefs endorsed in the present study (7.54) posits our non-clinical sample within the wide range of previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

Kwok

2015

PLoS ONE

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Literature comparing ‘jumping to conclusions’ (JTC) between patients and healthy controls has demonstrated the importance of the reasoning bias in the development of delusions. When groups that vary along the entire delusional continuum are included, the relationship between JTC and delusionality is less clear. This study compared JTC and delusional dimensions between 28 patients with delusions, 35 delusion-prone individuals and 32 non-delusion-prone individuals. Delusion proneness was defined by an established threshold based on the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory. Two versions of the beads task (85:15 and 60:40) were used to measure JTC. As hypothesized, patients manifested hastier data gathering than the two non-clinical groups on both beads tasks. However, delusion-prone individuals did not manifest a hastier decision making style than non-delusion prone individuals. Instead, non-delusion-prone participants showed more JTC bias than delusion-prone individuals on the easier beads task. There was no evidence for a dose-response relationship between JTC and delusional dimensions, with correlations between JTC and PDI scores found in the non-delusion-prone group only. The present finding confirms the link between an extreme JTC bias and the presence of clinical delusions, and argues against a linear relationship between JTC and delusionality along the symptomatic continuum.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

Kwok

2015

PLoS ONE

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“…The validity of the PDI was ascertained from its construction (it is based on the PSE); furthermore, PDI scores correlate with other measures of delusions (Peters, Joseph, Day, & Garety, 2004b) including the BPRS subscales pertaining to delusions (Kao, Wang, Lu, Cheng, & Liu, 2012), adding construct validity. In prior work, we used PSE and BPRS delusions scores to relate prediction error brain signal to drug induced and endogenous delusions (Corlett et al, 2006; Corlett, Murray et al, 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurobiology of schizotypy: Fronto-striatal prediction error signal correlates with delusion-like beliefs in healthy people

Corlett

Fletcher

2012

Neuropsychologia

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Healthy people sometimes report experiences and beliefs that are strikingly similar to the symptoms of psychosis in their bizarreness and the apparent lack of evidence supporting them. An important question is whether this represents merely a superficial resemblance or whether there is a genuine and deep similarity indicating, as some have suggested, a continuum between odd but healthy beliefs and the symptoms of psychotic illness. We sought to shed light on this question by determining whether the neural marker for prediction error - previously shown to be altered in early psychosis – is comparably altered in healthy individuals reporting schizotypal experiences and beliefs. We showed that non-clinical schizotypal experiences were significantly correlated with aberrant frontal and striatal prediction error signal. This correlation related to the distress associated with the beliefs. Given our previous observations that patients with first episode psychosis show altered neural responses to prediction error and that this alteration, in turn, relates to the severity of their delusional ideation, our results provide novel evidence in support of the view that schizotypy relates to psychosis at more than just a superficial descriptive level. However, the picture is a complex one in which the experiences, though associated with altered striatal responding, may provoke distress but may nonetheless be explained away, while an additional alteration in frontal cortical responding may allow the beliefs to become more delusion-like: intrusive and distressing.

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“…In three out of four studies, delusional symptoms were measured using Peter’s Delusion Inventory (PDI) 19,20 , which is a self-report questionnaire measuring delusional ideation validated for use in both non-clinical and schizophrenia samples 21,22 . Two studies used a 40-item version of the PDI 19 and one study use the 21-item PDI 20 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of four studies

Tuominen

Romaniuk

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Individuals with schizophrenia show impairments in associative learning. One well-studied, quantifiable form of associative learning is Pavlovian fear conditioning. However, to date, studies of fear conditioning in schizophrenia have been inconclusive, possibly because they lacked sufficient power. Methods: To address this issue, data were pooled from 4 independent fear conditioning studies that included a total of 77 individuals with schizophrenia and 74 control subjects. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) during fear conditioning to stimuli that were paired (the CS+) and not paired (CS-) with an aversive, unconditioned stimulus were measured, and the success of acquisition of differential conditioning (the magnitude of CS+ vs CS- SCRs) and responses to CS+ and CS- separately were assessed. Results: Acquisition of differential conditioned fear responses was significantly lower in individuals with schizophreania than in healthy controls (Cohen's d = 0.53). This effect was primarily related to a significantly higher response to the CS- stimulus in the schizophrenia compared to the control group. The magnitude of this response to the CS- in the schizophrenia group was correlated with the severity of delusional ideation. Other symptoms or antipsychotic dose were not associated with fear conditioning measures. Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia who endorse delusional beliefs are over-responsive to neutral stimuli during fear conditioning. This finding is consistent with prior models of aberrant learning in psychosis.

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The psychometric properties of the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI) in Taiwan: reliability, validity, and utility

Abstract: The PDI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the dimensionality of delusion proneness and appears to complement subclinical psychosis assessment scales for both epidemiological and clinical research in Taiwan.

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

Jumping to Conclusions Style along the Continuum of Delusions: Delusion-Prone Individuals Are Not Hastier in Decision Making than Healthy Individuals

The neurobiology of schizotypy: Fronto-striatal prediction error signal correlates with delusion-like beliefs in healthy people

Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of four studies

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