The Public Right of Access – Some Challenges to Sustainable Tourism Development in Scandinavia

Kaltenborn, Bjørn P.; Haaland, Hanne; Sandell, Klas

doi:10.1080/09669580108667412

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In addition, the principle of common access rights to all uncultivated land in Norway (Outdoor Recreation Act 1957) is undisputable, and includes all protected areas (Nature Diversity Act 2009). Public right of access and the tradition of outdoor recreation in Norway is much simpler, or more primitive, than the commercialized and specialized outdoor recreation activities in North America (Kaltenborn et al 2001). "Every man's right" (allemannsretten) grants anyone the right, within certain restrictions, to move freely across private and public land, and to pick wild berries, mushrooms and flowers, collect dry wood for campfire, and put up a tent, although not closer than 150 meters from private homes and cabins (50 meters in the coastal zone).…”

Section: National Park Management In Norwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking visitor motivation with attitude towards management restrictions on use in a national park

Gundersen

Mehmetoglu

Vistad

et al. 2015

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism

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The increasing demand for visiting wilderness areas often requires management actions that both conserve the natural resources and ensure a high quality visitor experience. Many of the alpine national parks in southern Norway hold the last remaining populations of wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Europe. Therefore management needs more effective tools to reduce or remove recreational impact on wild reindeer populations. Management actions should also consult research-based knowledge on visitors. Therefore, this study explores the link between visitor motivations and their attitudes towards management actions on track-related -The strategy of 'area restriction' is highly controversial for local communities, due to their long tradition with subsistence harvesting, grazing and traditional agriculture; therefore such a strategy will receive only low approval among the locals and leave the management with low legitimacy at the local level.-The strategy of 'management of the track system' will affect most non-local visitors, but these visitors are more flexible in adapting to a new trail system in the area, or may shift to another area.-Visitors with strong place attachment, as well as wilderness seekers who desire solitude are difficult to influence with physical management actions.-A management strategy that will limit the area of use and behaviour of off-track visitors should include information about ecosystem vulnerability.4

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Section: National Park Management In Norwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These individual rights to enjoy nature include of course related responsibilities, and assume good judgment by all involved (Sandell 2006, Puhakka 2011. In short, allemannsretten is considered an intrinsic component of local Nordic culture (Kaltenborn et al 2001). …”

Section: National Park Management In Norwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking visitor motivation with attitude towards management restrictions on use in a national park

Gundersen

Mehmetoglu

Vistad

et al. 2015

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism

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“…In practice, fees and access restrictions would be highly unlikely to be imposed, because Norwegian law provides a right of access (Kaltenborn et al, 2001 An additional effect of and on tourism livelihoods is the long-standing debate in Smøla regarding whether or not a fixed link-a tunnel, a bridge, or (least likely) a causeway-should be built to the mainland, due to the expected impacts on island life, lifestyle, and livelihoods (Baldacchino, 2007). The fixed link might make access easier, but at Smøla's scale, could promote people driving over for part of the day and not staying overnight.…”

Section: Tourism-supplemented Not Tourism-dependent Livelihoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism livelihoods in Smøla, Norway

Kelman¹,

Linnell²,

Thomassen³

et al. 2017

JMIC

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Tourism in islands and archipelagos provides numerous advantages and disadvantages. This paper analyses a previously unpublished case study of island tourism livelihoods from the archipelago of Smøla, Norway, examining the pros and cons of implemented or proposed tourism livelihoods based on a snapshot from 2008-2009. Smøla's tourism livelihoods are categorised by nature, technology focusing on the wind farm, fishing and hunting, cultural landscapes, culture, and history. As with many other island and archipelago case studies, the most suitable approach could be tourism-supplemented, rather than tourism-dependent, livelihoods with the principal challenge being finding the right scale for Smøla's tourism livelihoods. This paper does not provide a theoretical contribution, but adds a spatially and temporally focused case study to the literature.

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“…In many societies different combinations of goods have been produced by the same type of property regime. In Western Europe, private property produces private goods for landowners, but also a common-property resource for members of the public who are allowed to roam on that land (Kaltenborn et al 2001). In some European countries, private estate owners have rights to timber and agricultural goods (a private good), while peasants have the de facto right to treat the land as a commons where they can graze their animals and gather nuts, mushrooms, and firewood (Blok 1974).…”

Section: Easymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ostrom for anthropologists

Acheson¹

2011

Int J Commons

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Elinor Ostrom has devoted much of her career to understanding the conditions under which people have incentives to conserve or over-exploit commonpool resources (e.g. oceans, air, irrigation, unowned forests and grassland). While a growing number of anthropologists have taken an interest in this critically important topic, her work is not well known to many anthropologists. This paper describes three different aspects of Ostrom's work which should be of interest to anthropologists. First is her analysis of collective action problems and the conditions under which people in local communities have devised rules and institutions to solve those dilemmas to conserve resources. Second is Ostrom's discussion and classification of the complex rules used to manage resources. Third is her analysis of four kinds of goods (i.e. public goods, common-pool resources, toll goods and private goods) and the property regimes that produce them in different combinations. Last, I outline several directions in which her work seems to be going.

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The Public Right of Access – Some Challenges to Sustainable Tourism Development in Scandinavia

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Linking visitor motivation with attitude towards management restrictions on use in a national park

Linking visitor motivation with attitude towards management restrictions on use in a national park

Tourism livelihoods in Smøla, Norway

Ostrom for anthropologists

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