This article takes into consideration social and political variables in therapy and describes the vicissitudes of the therapeutic relationship with the poor. The major group considered are working-class Puerto Ricans; however, the issues relate to other ethnic minorities as they are disproportionately represented among lowincome people. Both general therapeutic attitudes and specific treatment tactics for this population are proposed.In 1898, during the Spanish American War, the United States invaded Puerto Rico and ended 400 years of Spanish rule, while this Caribbean island was still in the process of national formation (Figueroa, 1983;Gonzalez, 1980). By retaining Puerto Rico as an unincorporated territory and imposing its citizenship on Puerto Ricans (Maldonado Denis, 1969), the United States greatly contributed to what could be described as Puerto Rico's national identity crisis (Wagenheim, 1970). The anguished question, "What are we as a people?" passed from one literary generation to another without a satisfactory answer. Descriptions of the Puerto Rican "national character" were inevitably couched in pessimistic, even pejorative terms in