The pulse; from adagio to prestissimo; the prognostic importance of heart rate increase and its associations with cardiovascular risk factors

Larsen, Alf-Inge

doi:10.1177/2047487319872690

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The HR is linked to genetics and lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet, stress, and quality of sleep, and is influenced by cardiovascular diseases, infections, anemia, thyroid function, and using HR-modifying drugs [12][13][14][15]. The increase in the HR enhances oxygen consumption, imbalances the parasympathetic and sympathetic activity, provokes a faster progression of coronary diseases, reduces left ventricular function, increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, and increases inflammatory markers [2,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, the HR is a simple, inexpensive, and easily measurable biological parameter. Similarly to the QT interval, the HR is also influenced by many conditions such as genetics, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases, infections, inflammatory diseases, drug use, physical activity, and sympathetic and vagal imbalance [12][13][14][15]. Furthermore, the HR has been described as a relevant predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, despite the fact that it is often overlooked [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT—Corrected in A Large Population

Giovanardi,

Vernia,

Roversi

et al. 2024

Hearts

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Background: The study aimed to compare the prognostic importance of the heart rate (HR) and QT—corrected (QTc) according to Fridericia, Framingham, and Bazett with respect to all-cause mortality in a large non-selected population. Methods: The analysis of digital electrocardiograms archived from 2008 to 2022 in the metropolitan area of Modena, Italy, was carried out. The population under study was divided into three groups based on age, and survival analysis was performed. Results: 131,627 patients were enrolled and, during the follow-up (mean 1641.4 days), all-cause mortality was 8.9%. Both HR and QTc were associated with mortality. All-cause mortality significantly increased with HR values greater than 81 BPM and QTc values greater than 440 msec in young subjects and 455 msec in old subjects (values of the 75th percentiles/optimal operating point). A Cox analysis confirmed the better prognostic value of Bazett’s QTc and HR in the whole population and in the three age-groups. Conclusion: Bazett’s method performed better than the others, but, unexpectedly, the HR had the same or an even better correlation with all-cause mortality. Since the HR is simple and readily available, its evaluation should be improved. However, QTC and HR values are difficult to define, causing many confounding factors, and further population studies are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT—Corrected in A Large Population

Giovanardi,

Vernia,

Roversi

et al. 2024

Hearts

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show abstract

“…HR is linked to genetics, lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet, stress, and quality of sleep and is influenced by many confounding factors such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, anemia, thyroid function, and by the use of HR modifying drugs [12][13][14][15]. The increase of HR enhances oxygen consumption, imbalances the parasympathetic and sympathetic activity, provokes a faster progression of coronary diseases, reduces left ventricular function, increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and increases inflammatory markers [2,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, HR is a simple, inexpensive and easily measurable biological parameter. Similar to the QT interval, HR is influenced by many conditions such as genetic, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases, infections, inflammatory diseases, drug use, physical activity and sympathetic and vagal imbalance [12][13][14][15]. Also HR has been described as a relevant predictor of allcause and cardiovascular death, despite it is often overlooked [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT-Corrected in A Large Population

Giovanardi,

Vernia,

Roversi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: the study aimed at comparing the prognostic importance of Heart Rate (HR) and of QT corrected (QTc) according to Fridericia, Framingham and Bazett methods, in a large non-selected population. Methods: the analysis of digital Electrocardiograms archived from 2008 to 2022 in the metropolitan area of Modena, Italy, was made. The population under study was divided into three age-groups and survival analysis was performed. Results: 131.627 patients were enrolled and during the follow-up (mean 1641.4 days), all-cause mortality was 8.9%. Both HR and QTc were associated with mortality. All-cause mortality significantly increased from HR values greater than 81 BPM and from QTc values greater than 440 msec in young subjects and 455 msec in old subjects (values of the 75th percentiles/optimal operating point). Cox analysis confirmed the better prognostic value of Bazett’s QTc and of HR in the whole population and in the three age-groups. Conclusion: Bazett’s method performed better than other methods but unexpectedly HR had the same or a better correlation with all-cause mortality. Since HR is simple and readily available, its evaluation should be improved. However, reference values for QTc and for HR are difficult to define causing many confounding factors and further population-study are required.

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“…In relation to the rs2010963 (−634 G/C) variant, we found a range of significant correlations between the serum VEGF-A level and functional and biochemical parameters: positive correlations with HR, DBP, and HDL serum level in the CC genotype in obese and overweight patients, and negative correlations with eGFR, also in group A, in the GG and CC genotypes. HR, DBP, serum HDL, and eGFR have been demonstrated to be markers of cardiovascular risk [41][42][43][44]. This suggests that, particularly in patients with the CC genotype, the synthesis of VEGF-A, and consequently the process of angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction management, is susceptible to overall cardiometabolic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of rs699947 (−2578 C/A) and rs2010963 (−634 G/C) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the VEGF Gene, VEGF-A and Leptin Serum Level, and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Excess Body Mass: A Case–Control Study

Skrypnik

Mostowska

Jagodzińśki

et al. 2020

JCM

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The pulse; from adagio to prestissimo; the prognostic importance of heart rate increase and its associations with cardiovascular risk factors

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT—Corrected in A Large Population

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT—Corrected in A Large Population

Prognostic Value and Limits of Heart Rate and QT-Corrected in A Large Population

Association of rs699947 (−2578 C/A) and rs2010963 (−634 G/C) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the VEGF Gene, VEGF-A and Leptin Serum Level, and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Excess Body Mass: A Case–Control Study

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