The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

Chaste, Emeline; Girardin, Martin P.; Kaplan, Jed O.; Portier, Jeanne; Bergeron, Yves; Hély, Christelle

doi:10.5194/bg-15-1273-2018

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…C concentration of each sample was analyzed by dry combustion (Skjemstad and Baldock, 2007) using a LECO TruMac (LECO Corp, St. Joseph, MI, USA). Exchangeable cations were extracted using a Mehlich 3 solution and were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Canadian climate normals on a 10 × 10 km pixel grid (Chaste et al, 2018). The lower panel presents the location of the sample plots in relation to the time since fire (year).…”

Section: Soil Physicochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second indirect effect of pH on C BioR in the mineral soil is mediated through exchangeable Al only, not through Mn (Table S2). Microbes are vertically stratified within the soil column (Clemmensen et al, 2013;Ekschmitt et al, 2008;Hynes and Germida, 2013), with fungi populating the upper soil layers because of their higher metabolicoxygen demand compared with bacteria, which can more easily dwell in the less-oxygenated deeper soil layers. Our results suggest that, contrary to the O layer, oxidative depolymerization of lignin compounds mediated by Mn peroxidases may not be a major process for C cycling in the mineral soil (see above).…”

Section: Soil Carbon Bioreactivity In the Mineral Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boreal-forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Andrieux

Paré

Béguin

et al. 2020

SOIL

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Abstract. Following a wildfire, organic carbon (C) accumulates in boreal-forest soils. The long-term patterns of accumulation as well as the mechanisms responsible for continuous soil C stabilization or sequestration are poorly known. We evaluated post-fire C stock changes in functional reservoirs (bioreactive and recalcitrant) using the proportion of C mineralized in CO2 by microbes in a long-term lab incubation, as well as the proportion of C resistant to acid hydrolysis. We found that all soil C pools increased linearly with the time since fire. The bioreactive and acid-insoluble soil C pools increased at a rate of 0.02 and 0.12 MgC ha−1 yr−1, respectively, and their proportions relative to total soil C stock remained constant with the time since fire (8 % and 46 %, respectively). We quantified direct and indirect causal relationships among variables and C bioreactivity to disentangle the relative contribution of climate, moss dominance, soil particle size distribution and soil chemical properties (pH, exchangeable manganese and aluminum, and metal oxides) to the variation structure of in vitro soil C bioreactivity. Our analyses showed that the chemical properties of podzolic soils that characterize the study area were the best predictors of soil C bioreactivity. For the O layer, pH and exchangeable manganese were the most important (model-averaged estimator for both of 0.34) factors directly related to soil organic C bioreactivity, followed by the time since fire (0.24), moss dominance (0.08), and climate and texture (0 for both). For the mineral soil, exchangeable aluminum was the most important factor (model-averaged estimator of −0.32), followed by metal oxide (−0.27), pH (−0.25), the time since fire (0.05), climate and texture (∼0 for both). Of the four climate factors examined in this study (i.e., mean annual temperature, growing degree-days above 5 ∘C, mean annual precipitation and water balance) only those related to water availability – and not to temperature – had an indirect effect (O layer) or a marginal indirect effect (mineral soil) on soil C bioreactivity. Given that predictions of the impact of climate change on soil C balance are strongly linked to the size and the bioreactivity of soil C pools, our study stresses the need to include the direct effects of soil chemistry and the indirect effects of climate and soil texture on soil organic matter decomposition in Earth system models to forecast the response of boreal soils to global warming.

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Section: Soil Physicochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Carbon Bioreactivity In the Mineral Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boreal-forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Andrieux

Paré

Béguin

et al. 2020

SOIL

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“…Other studies have coupled global vegetation models to climate models to better represent such fire-vegetation-climate interactions (Chaste et al, 2018). These coupled models integrate vegetation dynamics, land-atmosphere exchanges, and other key physical processes, allowing consideration of many factors driving fire activity and smoke pollution on regional scales (Ford et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use the Lund-Potsdam-Jena-Lausanne-Mainz (LPJ-LMfire) Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (Pfeiffer et al, 2013) to simulate dynamic fire-vegetation interactions under future climate. LPJ-LMfire, which has been used previously to investigate historical fire activity (e.g., Chaste et al, 2018), is applied here to estimate natural fire emissions under future climate simulated by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Model E climate model. July, August, and September (JAS) are the months of greatest fire activity in WUS forests (Park et al, 2003) and the focus of our study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and spatial shifts in lightning fires and smoke concentrations in response to 21st century climate over the forests of the Western United States

Li¹,

Mickley²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Almost US$ 3bn per year is appropriated for wildfire management on public land in the United States. Recent studies have suggested that ongoing climate change will lead to warmer and drier conditions in the Western United States with a consequent increase in the number and size of wildfires, yet large uncertainty exists in these projections. To assess the influence of future changes in climate and land cover on lightning-caused wildfires in National Forests and Parks of the Western United States and the consequences of these fires on air quality, we link a dynamic vegetation model that includes a process-based representation of fire (LPJ-LMfire) to a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem). Under a scenario of moderate future climate change (RCP4.5), increasing lightning-caused wildfire enhances the burden of smoke fine particulate matter (PM), with mass concentration increases of ~&#8201;53&#8201;% by the late-21st century during the fire season. In a high-emissions scenario (RCP8.5), smoke PM concentrations double by 2100. RCP8.5 also shows large, northward shifts in dry matter burned, leading to enhanced lightning-caused fire activity especially over forests in the northern states.</p>

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“…Figure 1: Map of the study area showing the location of the sample plots. Mean annual temperature (upper panel) and mean annual precipitation (middle panel) are interpolations from the 1981-2010 Canadian climate normals on a 10 x 10 km pixel grid (Chaste et al 2018 ). The lower panel presents the location of the sample plots in relation to time since fire (yr -1 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Boreal forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Andrieux¹,

Paré²,

Béguin³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Following wildfire, organic carbon (C) accumulates in boreal forest soils. The long-term patterns of accumulation as well as the mechanisms responsible for continuous soil C stabilization or sequestration are poorly known. We evaluated post-fire C stock changes in functional reservoirs (bioreactive and recalcitrant) using the proportion of C mineralized in CO2 by microbes in a long-term lab incubation, as well as the proportion of C resistant to acid hydrolysis. We found that all soil C pools increased linearly with time since fire. The bioreactive and acid-insoluble soil C pools increased at a rate of 0.02 MgC ha−1 yr−1 and 0.12 MgC ha−1 yr−1, respectively, and their proportions relative to total soil C stock remained constant with time since fire (8 % and 46 %, respectively). We quantified direct and indirect causal relationships among variables and carbon bioreactivity to disentangle the relative contribution of climate, moss dominance, soil particle size distribution and soil chemical properties (pH, exchangeable Mn and Al, and metal oxides) to the variation structure of in vitro soil carbon bioreactivity. Our analyses showed that the chemical properties of Podzolic soils that characterise the study area were the best predictors of soil carbon bioreactivity. For the FH horizon (O-layer), pH and exchangeable Mn were the most important (model-averaged estimator for both: 0.34) factors directly related to soil organic C bioreactivity, followed by time since fire (0.24), moss dominance (0.08) and climate and texture (0 for both). For the mineral soil, exchangeable aluminum was the most important factor (model-averaged estimator: −0.32), followed by metal oxide (−0.27), pH (−0.25), time since fire (0.05), climate and texture (~ 0 for both). Of the four climate factors examined in this study (i.e., mean annual temperature, growing degree-days above 5 °C, mean annual precipitation and water balance) only those related to water availability, and not to temperature, had indirect effect (FH horizon) or a marginal indirect effect (mineral soil) on soil carbon bioreactivity. Given that predictions of the impact of climate change on soil carbon balance are strongly linked to the size and the bioreactivity of soil C pools, our study stresses the need to include the direct effects of soil chemistry and the indirect effects of climate and soil texture on soil C decomposition in Earth System Models to forecast the response of boreal soils to global warming.

show abstract

The pyrogeography of eastern boreal Canada from 1901 to 2012 simulated with the LPJ-LMfire model

Abstract: Abstract. Wildland fires are the main natural disturbance shaping forest structure and composition in

Cited by 26 publications

References 99 publications

Boreal-forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Boreal-forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Trends and spatial shifts in lightning fires and smoke concentrations in response to 21st century climate over the forests of the Western United States

Boreal forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

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