The quality control assessment of cyanate ester blend (EX-1515) resin based composites concerning hydrolysis

Kim, Hyun I.; Ferrelli, Geena L.; Zaldivar, Rafael J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109828

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As a result, curing produces a correspondingly less interconnected network and a more linear polymer with a reduced Tg. 6,14,17 However, challenges are present when characterizing such composites since the hydrolysis is typically located in the outer few plies (250 μm) adjacent to the water source. Therefore, when characterizing the thermomechanical response of a full thickness specimen, the DMA profile used to identify Tg becomes a convolution of both pristine and carbamate degraded material.…”

Section: Hydrolysis From Aao Mandrel Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zaldivar et al have also evaluated the effects of carbamate formation on both unmodified and modified, cyanate ester fiber reinforced composites. 6,14,17 Their work showed the moisture induced degradation is typically localized near the composite surface and is often misrepresented when performing standard full thickness quality inspection techniques that average over the full volume of the composite. Even though most of the composite may remain unaffected, the plies in proximity to the moisture source have been shown previously to decrease by as much as 50% in both matrix-dominated strength and Tg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zaldivar et al have also evaluated the effects of carbamate formation on both unmodified and modified, cyanate ester fiber reinforced composites 6,14,17 . Their work showed the moisture induced degradation is typically localized near the composite surface and is often misrepresented when performing standard full thickness quality inspection techniques that average over the full volume of the composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation ofhigh‐performancecyanate ester space composites by anodized aluminum

Severino,

Kim,

Ferrelli

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Cyanate esters are preferred resins for space composites based on excellent mechanical, thermal and dimensional properties. Yet, they are sensitive to co‐reactions with secondary constituents making compatibility a processing challenge. Anodized aluminum mandrels are commonly used for composite manufacturing but deleterious interactions with cyanate ester is not well understood. We investigate here the interaction of anodized aluminum mandrels with surrounding environments and its impact on cure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of M55J/RS3C composites. The uptake and diffusivity of environmental moisture in mandrels was determined gravimetrically and fit to a predictive Fickian model. Cured composite properties were evaluated and correlated with glass transition temperatures (Tg) by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal stability by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical properties by flatwise tensile test, and the degradation depth profile by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Parallel to previous results for RS3C but more severe, the degradation penetrated up to 500 μm with reductions of 90°C in Tg, 100°C in thermal stability and 33% mass loss. The inorganic oxide surprisingly absorbs 10× more water at 10× higher rate than composite mandrel materials. The reported results show the anodization presents a unique hydrolysis risk when manufacturing cyanate ester composites so disciplined use and environmental conditioning should be considered when developing space structures.Highlights Cyanate ester composites degraded by anodized mandrels for all conditions. Thermogram signals correlate to composite mechanical degradation. Composite degradation depth gradient determined by atomic force microscopy.

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Section: Hydrolysis From Aao Mandrel Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Degradation ofhigh‐performancecyanate ester space composites by anodized aluminum

Severino,

Kim,

Ferrelli

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

Self Cite

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“…Among these biobased feedstocks, eugenol is a renewable, less toxic, and available plant essential oil, which can be extracted from cloves, basil, and cinnamon . In recent years, many efforts have been made to synthesize eugenol-based materials, such as acrylic resins, polyester, , epoxy resins, − polybenzoxazine resins, − bismaleimide resins, − and cyanate resins . For instance, Waldvogel et al reported biobased epoxy resins synthesized by electrochemical dehydrogenative dimerization of eugenol, which displayed higher T g (216 °C) and T 5d (347 °C) than DGEBA .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 In recent years, many efforts have been made to synthesize eugenol-based materials, such as acrylic resins, 21 polyester, 22,23 epoxy resins, 24−27 polybenzoxazine resins, 28−30 bismaleimide resins, 31−33 and cyanate resins. 34 For instance, Waldvogel et al reported biobased epoxy resins synthesized by electrochemical dehydrogenative dimerization of eugenol, which displayed higher T g (216 °C) and T 5d (347 °C) than DGEBA. 24 Wang et al prepared a trifunctional eugenol-based epoxy monomer (TEU-EP) with rigid triazine; after curing with 3,3′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (33DDS), TEU-EP/33DDS showed better thermal and mechanical properties compared with DGEBA/33DDS.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

Fang

Feng

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Two silicon-containing eugenol-based benzocyclobutene monomers were prepared by a simple solvent-free hydrosilylation reaction. After heat treatment, a series of materials were obtained by a free radical addition reaction, [4 + 4] cycloaddition, or [4 + 2] Diels–Alder cycloaddition. All polymers displayed high thermostability with a 5% weight loss temperature (T 5d) of over 410 °C and a glass transition temperature (T g) of up to 216 °C as well as a good transmittance of 90% varying from 500 to 800 nm. In particular, all polymers also exhibited good hydrophobicity with contact angles exceeding 100° and water absorption as low as 8‰ after immersing in boiling water for 72 h. It should be noted that P3 showed excellent dielectric properties with a dielectric constant (D k) of 2.48 and a dielectric loss (D f) of 6.38 × 10–3 at a high frequency of 2 GHz as well as good flame retardancy due to the high content of cyclotriphophazene compared with those of P1, P2, and previously reported biobased materials. The above advantages indicate that eugenol-based low-dielectric materials have great potential for application in encapsulation resins in the field of microelectronics.

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Recent advances of thermosetting resin and its application prospect in oil and gas drilling and production engineering

Yang

Bai

Sun

et al. 2023

Geoenergy Science and Engineering

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The quality control assessment of cyanate ester blend (EX-1515) resin based composites concerning hydrolysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Degradation ofhigh‐performancecyanate ester space composites by anodized aluminum

Degradation ofhigh‐performancecyanate ester space composites by anodized aluminum

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

Recent advances of thermosetting resin and its application prospect in oil and gas drilling and production engineering

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