The Quality of Environment and Risk to Health of the Population Residing Under the Exposure to Emissions From Colored Metallurgy Enterprises and Wood Processing Industry

Abstract

In the residential area under the impact of emissions from non-ferrous metallurgy and woodworking industry, the quality of atmospheric air was shown to fail to meet the requirements of hygienic standards for the content of suspended solids in air [≤ 4 MPC for maximal single dose (MPCmsd), ≤ 12.5 MPC for average daily dose (MPCadd), phenol (≤ 5.6 MPCmsd, ≤ 4.83 MPCadd), formaldehyde (≤ 1.56 MPCmsd, ≤ 6.58 MPCadd), fluoride gaseous compounds (≤ 3.75 MPCmsd, ≤ 12.4 MPCadd), etc. The quality of potable water in the centralized water supply system from surface water source corresponds to hygienic standards but, and in drinking water from the underground water source hygienic standards of iron content are exceeded (up to 1.1 MPC, 3.6% of samples). Also, in the study area, exceedances of permissible concentrations in lead soils are observed up to 2.09 MAC (7.84% of samples) and fluorine up to 4.68 MPC (87.04% of samples). The individual carcinogenic risk for the children of the study area is, on average, 1.18 ∙ 10-3, for the adult population, an average of 5.25 ∙ 10-3, and exceeds the acceptable level of carcinogenic risk by about 52.5 times. The individual non-carcinogenic risk for the short-term exposure to chemicals is by up to 9 times higher than the acceptable level. The individual non-carcinogenic risk for the chronic multimodal intake of the studied chemicals exceeds the permissible value of the total hazard index by to 33.4 times with respect to respiratory disorders. Priority factors that determine the level of risk to public health are chemicals present in emissions from enterprises producing primary aluminum (Benz(a)pyrene, fluorides, sulfur dioxide, suspended substances) and cellulose (phenol, methyl mercaptan).

Environmental Risks for Public Health as a Significant Criterion for Creating Functional Zones in a City Within Urban Development

“…Идея создания и распространения практики «Здоровых городов» предполагает пересмотр основных принципов охраны здоровья на урбанизированных территориях. Новые политики взаимодействия всех ветвей власти и гражданского общества, реорганизация системы здравоохранения, участие населения в решении вопросов здоровья и окружающей среды не снимают проблемы развития промышленных и транспортных объектов города [10,14,16].…”

Quality Management Directing The Way To Defect Reduction And Production Improvement

“…In metallurgy, one of the most frequent wastes, known as scrap, is associated with material discarded due to process problems or inadequate quality of the manufactured products. Scrap in metallurgy can generate production losses that impact company costs, especially when the quality of products does not meet customer needs because they do not comply with consumer requirements (Li et al 2020;Petrov et al 2016;Vekovshinina et al 2018).…”

Trends detected in children’s health and their relation with basic aerogenic risk factors under exposure to specific ambient air contamination caused by metallurgic and wood-processing enterprises

“…When industrial objects including metallurgic and wood-processing enterprises are located within residential areas or close to them, it often results in poorer quality of ambient air and occurrence of related health disorders especially among children [1]. We ana-lyzed research works both by domestic and foreign researchers and revealed that it was not a rare case when the greatest part of a city population lived in zones exposed to chemical emissions and there were various negative responses regarding their health [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”