The Quality of Terror

The socio-economic determinants of terrorism and political violence in Western Europe (1994–2007)

“…That is, better educated individuals would also become more productive and bloodier terrorists. This argument has been introduced by Lenin (1901) while theorizing about political agitation and it had been recently rediscovered by Krueger and Maleckova (2003) for political violence in Israel and Bueno de Mesquita (2005). Berrebi (2007) and Benmelech and Berrebi (2007) with a specific focus on suicide attacks in Israel show that that both higher education and standard of living are positively associated with the incidence of suicide attacks.…”

Who Were the Volunteers?1The Shifting Sociological and Operational Profile of 1240 Provisional Irish Republican Army Members

“…Recruiters carefully choose who can join the organization and at times there could be a skill-based recruitment drive. 59 A further 27.7% worked in the services=industrial industries (specialist 11.6%, non-specialist 16.1%). Those unemployed encompass the third highest category at 11.4%.…”

Explaining Support for Combatants during Wartime: A Survey Experiment in Afghanistan

“…At the individual level, we include a battery of socioeconomic and demographic covariates that have been cited as important determinants of support for terrorist or insurgent groups. These covariates include the respondent's age, marital status (Berrebi, 2007), income level, and years of state and madrassa education (Krueger and Maleckova, 2003;Bueno de Mesquita, 2005;United States Agency for International Development, 2011b), ethnicity, and if the respondent is a Pashtun, and whether the tribe he affiliates himself with was deemed already pro-Taliban (Giustozzi, 2008, 52-69). 20 The models also include village-and district-level covariates, which include the settlement's altitude to account for difficulty of state control (Fearon and Laitin, 2003), population size, and the number of ISAFand Taliban-initiated violent events within five kilometers of the village's center one year prior to the survey's launch.…”