The Radio to GeV Afterglow of GRB 221009A

Laskar, T.; Alexander, K. D.; Margutti, R.; Eftekhari, T.; Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Cendes, Yvette; Duerr, Anne; Perley, D. A.; Ravasio, M. E.; Yamazaki, Ryo; Ayache, Eliot H.; Barclay, Thomas; Duran, R. Barniol; Bhandari, Shivani; Brethauer, Daniel; Christy, C. T.; Coppejans, D. L.; Duffell, Paul C.; Fong, W.; Gomboc, A.; Guidorzi, C.; Kennea, J. A.; Kobayashi, S.; Levan, A. J.; Lobanov, A. P.; Metzger, Brian; Ros, E.; Schroeder, G.; Williams, Peter K. G.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acbfad

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The radio afterglow of GRB 221009A exhibits a strange behavior on its spectrum, which is difficult to explain from a standard ISM or wind environment (see Laskar et al 2023, for detailed discussion). Figure 2 contains the radio data from Laskar et al (2023), confirming that our model is inconsistent with the radio afterglow. On the other hand, the spectroscopy from JWST, Hubble Space Telescope, and X-shooter shows flat near-IR spectra (Levan et al 2023;Malesani et al 2023, where they proposed p < 2), again implying a violation of the standard model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Recent works invoking the structured jet to interpret GRB 221009A have not yet added a full fit to the multiband afterglows, which may undermine the credibility of the model. Other possible explanations imply some changes in microscopic parameters (e.g., p, ò e , ò B ) corresponding to the shock acceleration behavior and the dissipative mechanism of energy within the shocked material that is still poorly understood (e.g., Laskar et al 2023;Levan et al 2023;Malesani et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although we have well fitted the first-week radio-to-GeV-band observations, the late-time radio data are hardly explained under the standard external forward shock model of a top-hat jet in a stellar wind environment. According to Laskar et al (2023), a modification to the mechanism of relativistic synchrotron radiation or an additional population of electrons will be necessary to interpret radio data under the standard model. Other explanations, such as structured jet models with complex geometry, are also hopeful (e.g., Sato et al 2023;O'Connor et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Possibility of Modeling the Very High Energy Afterglow of GRB 221009A in a Wind Environment

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

ApJ

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In this paper, we model the dynamics and radiation physics of the rarity event GRB 221009A afterglow in detail. By introducing a top-hat jet that propagates in an environment dominated by stellar winds, we explain the publicly available observations of afterglow associated with GRB 221009A over the first week. It is predicted that GRB 221009A emits a luminous very high energy afterglow based on the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) process in our model. We show the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis results of GRB 221009A and find that the SSC radiation component of GRB 221009A is very bright in the 0.1–10 TeV band. The integrated SED shows that the SSC emission in the TeV band has detection sensitivity significantly higher than that of LHASSO, MAGIC, and CTA. However, since the release of further observations, deviations from the standard wind environment model have gradually shown up in data. For example, the late-time multiband afterglow cannot be consistently explained under the standard wind environment scenario. It may be necessary to consider modeling with a structured jet with complex geometry or a partial revision of the standard model. Furthermore, we find that the inclusion of GeV observations could break the degeneracy between model parameters, highlighting the significance of high-energy observations in determining accurate parameters for GRB afterglows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Possibility of Modeling the Very High Energy Afterglow of GRB 221009A in a Wind Environment

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

ApJ

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“…The recent GRB 221009A (RA (J2000)= 19:13:03.50, Dec (J2000) = +19:46:24.23; Laskar et al 2022), at a redshift of z = 0.151 (de Ugarte Postigo et al 2022;Castro-Tirado et al 2022), provides a unique opportunity to explore GRB physics in detail. In contrast to many other nearby GRBs, which are often underluminous compared to more distant "cosmological" GRBs at z > 1 (Dainotti et al 2022), GRB 221009A is the brightest GRB to ever be detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) (Veres et al 2022) and has generated broad community interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limit on Supernova Emission in the Brightest Gamma-ray Burst, GRB 221009A

Shrestha¹,

Sand²,

Alexander³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of the extraordinary gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A in search of an associated supernova. Some past GRBs have shown bumps in the optical light curve that coincide with the emergence of supernova spectral features, but we do not detect any significant light curve features in GRB 221009A, nor do we detect any clear sign of supernova spectral features. Using two well-studied GRB-associated supernovae (SN 2013dx, M r,max = −19.54; SN 2016jca, M r,max = −19.04) at a similar redshift as GRB 221009A (z = 0.151), we modeled how the emergence of a supernova would affect the light curve. If we assume the GRB afterglow to decay at the same rate as the X-ray data, the combination of afterglow and a supernova component is fainter than the observed GRB brightness. For the case where we assume the best-fit power law to the optical

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“…To analyze the afterglow light curve, we use data from multiple sources: our own GRANDMA and KNC data, selected GCN data (see Appendix), and data published in Williams et al (2023), Shrestha et al (2023), Laskar et al (2023), Levan et al (2023), andO'Connor et al (2023). We especially note that we use the Hubble Space Telescope data from Levan et al (2023), where the host-galaxy contribution has been subtracted using galfit.…”

Section: Multiwavelength Analysis Of the Afterglowmentioning

confidence: 99%

GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann

Канн

Agayeva

Aivazyan

et al. 2023

ApJL

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Object GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected in more than 50 yr of study. In this paper, we present observations in the X-ray and optical domains obtained by the GRANDMA Collaboration and the Insight Collaboration. We study the optical afterglow with empirical fitting using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE data sets augmented with data from the literature up to 60 days. We then model numerically using a Bayesian approach, and we find that the GRB afterglow, extinguished by a large dust column, is most likely behind a combination of a large Milky Way dust column and moderate low-metallicity dust in the host galaxy. Using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE+XRT data set, we find that the simplest model, where the observed afterglow is produced by synchrotron radiation at the forward external shock during the deceleration of a top-hat relativistic jet by a uniform medium, fits the multiwavelength observations only moderately well, with a tension between the observed temporal and spectral evolution. This tension is confirmed when using the augmented data set. We find that the consideration of a jet structure (Gaussian or power law), the inclusion of synchrotron self-Compton emission, or the presence of an underlying supernova do not improve the predictions. Placed in the global context of GRB optical afterglows, we find that the afterglow of GRB 221009A is luminous but not extraordinarily so, highlighting that some aspects of this GRB do not deviate from the global known sample despite its extreme energetics and the peculiar afterglow evolution.

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The Radio to GeV Afterglow of GRB 221009A

Cited by 51 publications

References 76 publications

The Possibility of Modeling the Very High Energy Afterglow of GRB 221009A in a Wind Environment

The Possibility of Modeling the Very High Energy Afterglow of GRB 221009A in a Wind Environment

Limit on Supernova Emission in the Brightest Gamma-ray Burst, GRB 221009A

GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann

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