The rates of shoot and root growth in intact plants of pea mutants in leaf morphology

Kof, Ė. M.; Виноградова, И. А.; Oorzhak, A. S.; Kalibernaya, Z. V.

doi:10.1134/s1021443706010158

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4), this relationship differentiated lines according to le and af, indicating that Le/af lines may encounter suboptimal nitrogen status as compared to their le/Af counterparts. Consistently, both Le and af were associated with reduced NNI and Kof et al (2006) observed a reduction of root weight in af NILs. These results suggest that genes such as af or le, which affect the development of aerial vegetative organs (in le mutants, GA concentrations were not affected in developing seeds nor in roots, but only in growing shoots; Swain et al, 1995;Yaxley et al, 2001), may induce root modifications.…”

Section: Genes Determining Plant Architecture Are Linked To Qtl Of Sesupporting

confidence: 57%

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing pea (Pisum sativum) seed nutritional value and particularly seed protein content, while maintaining yield, is an important challenge for further development of this crop. Seed protein content and yield are complex and unstable traits, integrating all the processes occurring during the plant life cycle. During filling, seeds are the main sink to which assimilates are preferentially allocated at the expense of vegetative organs. Nitrogen seed demand is satisfied partly by nitrogen acquired by the roots, but also by nitrogen remobilized from vegetative organs. In this study, we evaluated the respective roles of nitrogen source capacity and sink strength in the genetic variability of seed protein content and yield. We showed in eight genotypes of diverse origins that both the maximal rate of nitrogen accumulation in the seeds and nitrogen source capacity varied among genotypes. Then, to identify the genetic factors responsible for seed protein content and yield variation, we searched for quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed traits and for indicators of sink strength and source nitrogen capacity. We detected 261 QTL across five environments for all traits measured. Most QTL for seed and plant traits mapped in clusters, raising the possibility of common underlying processes and candidate genes. In most environments, the genes Le and Afila, which control internode length and the switch between leaflets and tendrils, respectively, determined plant nitrogen status. Depending on the environment, these genes were linked to QTL of seed protein content and yield, suggesting that source-sink adjustments depend on growing conditions. The last two decades have seen an exponential increase in the number of plant sequences in databases and the explosion of investigations on the molecular functions and physiological roles of these genes. At the same time, new concepts, such as quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping followed by the development of statistical tools, have emerged in quantitative genetics to identify the genes involved in the genetic variability of complex traits (Lander and Botstein, 1989). The functions of thousands of genes have been identified mainly through knockout mutant analysis (Østergaard and Yanovsky, 2004), but also through QTL identification (for review, see Paran and Zamir, 2003). These tools can now be used to address the question of phenotypic plasticity-which genes control plant functioning in which environments-and to provide some clues about which forces shaped natural variation and the strategies that should be used to breed more adapted cultivars (Paran and Zamir, 2003;Reymond et al., 2003;Koornneef et al., 2004;Mitchell-Olds and Schmitt, 2006). In this respect, Tonsor et al. (2005) proposed to analyze natural genetic variation in the model species Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to identify the role of genes having subtle, partially redundant, and/or environment-dependent effects on phenotypes, and to better understand gene interactions and pleiotropy. The study of natural genetic ...

show abstract

Section: Genes Determining Plant Architecture Are Linked To Qtl Of Sesupporting

confidence: 57%

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The advantages of af plants can be connected to their better insolation, even in a dense stand, and their much better resistance to lodging. When highly productive cultivars are crossed with 'afila' lines, the resulting recombinants can associate a higher seed yield with a modified leaf pattern [44,47,48].…”

Section: Leafmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It would appear that this trend was not unique to breeding The first leaf mutation with proven agricultural value was afila (af ) promoting leaf rachis branching and preventing formation of leaflets (Figure 3B). Although a joint photosynthetic area is reduced in such leaves, af plants have a similar level of assimilation efficiency as Af forms [44]. Physiological differences between near-isogenic af and Af lines have been the subject of extensive studies.…”

Section: Leafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (Pisum sativum): The Experience of Breeding in Russia

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The improvement of pea as a crop over many decades has been employing the use of mutants. Several hundreds of different mutations are known in pea (Pisum sativum subsp. sativum), some of which are valuable for breeding. Breeding strategies may be diverse in different countries depending on different obstacles. In Russia, numerous spontaneous and induced mutations have been implemented in breeding. To our knowledge some of these, are not used in pea breeding beyond Russia. This review describes the use of mutations in pea breeding in Russia. The paper provides examples of cultivars created on the basis of mutations affecting the development of seeds (def), inflorescence (det, deh), compound leaves (af, af unitac), and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (various alleles of Sym and Nod loci). Novel mutations which are potentially promising for breeding are currently being investigated. Together with numerous cultivars of dry and fodder pea carrying commonly known mutations, new ‘chameleon’ and ‘lupinoid’ morphotypes, both double mutants, are under study. A cultivar Triumph which increases the effectiveness of interactions with beneficial soil microbes, was bred in Russia for the first time in the history of legume breeding.

show abstract

Genetic dissection of nitrogen nutrition in pea through a QTL approach of root, nodule, and shoot variability

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the third most important grain legume worldwide, and the increasing demand for protein-rich raw material has led to a great interest in this crop as a protein source. Seed yield and protein content in crops are strongly determined by nitrogen (N) nutrition, which in legumes relies on two complementary pathways: absorption by roots of soil mineral nitrogen, and fixation in nodules of atmospheric dinitrogen through the plant-Rhizobium symbiosis. This study assessed the potential of naturally occurring genetic variability of nodulated root structure and functioning traits to improve N nutrition in pea. Glasshouse and field experiments were performed on seven pea genotypes and on the 'Cameor' x 'Ballet' population of recombinant inbred lines selected on the basis of parental contrast for root and nodule traits. Significant variation was observed for most traits, which were obtained from non-destructive kinetic measurements of nodulated root and shoot in pouches, root and shoot image analysis, (15)N quantification, or seed yield and protein content determination. A significant positive relationship was found between nodule establishment and root system growth, both among the seven genotypes and the RIL population. Moreover, several quantitative trait loci for root or nodule traits and seed N accumulation were mapped in similar locations, highlighting the possibility of breeding new pea cultivars with increased root system size, sustained nodule number, and improved N nutrition. The impact on both root or nodule traits and N nutrition of the genomic regions of the major developmental genes Le and Af was also underlined.

show abstract

The rates of shoot and root growth in intact plants of pea mutants in leaf morphology

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (Pisum sativum): The Experience of Breeding in Russia

Genetic dissection of nitrogen nutrition in pea through a QTL approach of root, nodule, and shoot variability

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About