The recirculation of lymphocytes from blood to lymph in the rat

Gowans, J. L.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006177

Cited by 607 publications

(404 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Lymph nodes are therefore placed at strategically unique sites between the lymphatic vascular system and the blood stream. Arriving in the lymph node via the blood, naive lymphocytes extravasate at the level of highly specialized vascular endothelial cells of the post-capillary venules, the high endothelial venules (HEV) [1]. The endothelial cells of HEV display specific cell adhesion and signaling molecules, such as the peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd), directing extravasation of naive lymphocytes across the vascular wall (summar-ized in [2]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct molecular composition of blood and lymphatic vascular endothelial cell junctions establishes specific functional barriers within the peripheral lymph node

et al. 2008

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Lymph nodes are strategically localized at the interfaces between the blood and lymphatic vascular system, delivering immune cells and antigens to the lymph node. As cellular junctions of endothelial cells actively regulate vascular permeability and cell traffic, we have investigated their molecular composition by performing an extensive immunofluorescence study for adherens and tight junction molecules, including vascular endothelium (VE)-cadherin, the vascular claudins 1, 3, 5 and 12, occludin, members of the junctional adhesion molecule family plus endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM)-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, ZO-1 and ZO-2. We found that junctions of high endothelial venules (HEV), which serve as entry site for naive lymphocytes, are unique due to their lack of the endothelial cell-specific claudin-5. LYVE-1 + sinus-lining endothelial cells form a diffusion barrier for soluble molecules that arrive at the afferent lymph and use claudin-5 and ESAM-1 to establish characteristic tight junctions. Analysis of the spatial relationship between the different vascular compartments revealed that HEV extend beyond the paracortex into the medullary sinuses, where they are protected from direct contact with the lymph by sinus-lining endothelial cells. The specific molecular architecture of cellular junctions present in blood and lymphatic vessel endothelium in peripheral lymph nodes establishes distinct barriers controlling the distribution of antigens and immune cells within this tissue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct molecular composition of blood and lymphatic vascular endothelial cell junctions establishes specific functional barriers within the peripheral lymph node

et al. 2008

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“…Under normal conditions proteins cannot cross the bloodbrain barrier but the presence of tumour, a surgical procedure, and perhaps also cerebral irradiation are all situations in which the blood-brain barrier may no longer remain intact and consequently humoral immune mechanisms may be able to operate more readily. On the other hand, if cellular immune mechanisms are implicated chiefly in immunological tumour rejection processes and this seems likely (Alexander and Hamilton Fairley, 1967), then even an intact blood-brain barrier would not be expected to prevent the passage of sensitized lymphocytes which are known to be capable of migrating through normal vascular endothelium (Gowans, 1959).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Controlled Trial to Assess the Value of Specific Active Immunotherapy in Patients Treated by Radical Surgery and Radiotherapy

Bloom¹,

Peckham²,

Richardson³

et al. 1973

Br J Cancer

109

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Summary.-The results are reported of a randomized prospective clinical trial carried out to assess the value of specific active immunotherapy using irradiated autologous tumour cells in patients with glioblastoma multiforme treated by radical surgery and post-operative irradiation. The results in 62 patients show no statistically significant difference in survival between the group receiving adjuvant autologous tumour cells and those treated with surgery and radiotherapy alone. All 27 patients receiving tumour cells were dead at 30 months, whereas 7 of the 35 controls were alive at this time. The results were considered sufficiently discouraging to abandon the trial at this stage on the grounds that there was sufficient evidence in this study that the administration of irradiated autologous cells was of no benefit to patients with high grade astrocytomata.

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“…% cells viable after incubation with normal serum Thoracic duct cannulation was performed using Gowans' (1959) modification of the technique of BoUman, Cain and Grindlay (1948).…”

Section: -"'O Xc/o Cells Viable After Incubation With Antiserum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of the Antigenic Determinants Expressed by Rat Lymphoid Cells to Their Participation in Graft‐versus‐host Reactions

McCullagh¹

1985

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary.The relationship between the graft-versus-host reactivity of lymphocytes from F2 hybrid and backcross rats and their susceptibility to inter-parental strain alloantisera has been investigated. Apart from associations between the immunological responsiveness of individual rats and the extent of alloantiserum susceptibility of their lymphocytes, selective reactivity of groups of lymphocytes that were separable from the general population by means of their alloantiserum susceptibility was observed. Those host lymphocytes which expressed a preponderance of DA-derived determinants were preferentially implicated in graft-versushost reactions elicited by PVG lymphocytes in (PVGxDA)F2 hybrid rats. The anti-(PVGxDA)F| hybrid reactivity of some (PVGxFj) backcross rats was selectively concentrated in that fraction of the lymphocyte population which expressed the highest levels of PVGderived determinants. It is proposed that heterogeneously expressed MHS determinants may have a role in regulating selective participation by subpopulations of lymphocytes in allogeneie reactions.

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The recirculation of lymphocytes from blood to lymph in the rat

Cited by 607 publications

References 9 publications

Distinct molecular composition of blood and lymphatic vascular endothelial cell junctions establishes specific functional barriers within the peripheral lymph node

Distinct molecular composition of blood and lymphatic vascular endothelial cell junctions establishes specific functional barriers within the peripheral lymph node

Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Controlled Trial to Assess the Value of Specific Active Immunotherapy in Patients Treated by Radical Surgery and Radiotherapy

The Relationship of the Antigenic Determinants Expressed by Rat Lymphoid Cells to Their Participation in Graft‐versus‐host Reactions

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