The refractive index of the human cornea: A review

Patel, Sudi; Tutchenko, Larysa

doi:10.1016/j.clae.2019.04.018

Cited by 70 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In order to calculate the physical spatial periods, we have used an average refractive index value of 1.376 within the cornea. Though the individual corneal layers have different refractive indexes that varies from 1.400 at the epithelium to 1.373 at the endothelium [36,37], the relative changes in refractive index between these layers is less than 0.03, for which the spatial period calculated changes by 10 nm. Previous literature suggests that following alkaline injury, corneal hydration increases [38][39][40], thereby decreasing the corneal refractive index [39,41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography to assess wound healing within the cornea

Lal¹,

Alexandrov²,

Rani³

et al. 2020

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive depth resolved optical imaging modality, that enables high resolution, cross-sectional imaging in biological tissues and materials at clinically relevant depths. Though OCT offers high resolution imaging, the best ultra-high-resolution OCT systems are limited to imaging structural changes with a resolution of one micron on a single B-scan within very limited depth. Nanosensitive OCT (nsOCT) is a recently developed technique that is capable of providing enhanced sensitivity of OCT to structural changes. Improving the sensitivity of OCT to detect structural changes at the nanoscale level, to a depth typical for conventional OCT, could potentially improve the diagnostic capability of OCT in medical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the capability of nsOCT to detect structural changes deep in the rat cornea following superficial corneal injury. Fig. 8. Spatial period profiles obtained by Fourier transform of histology line profiles (a) healthy cornea (b) injured cornea (c) box plot showing the spatial period distribution of healthy and injured cornea.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography to assess wound healing within the cornea

Lal¹,

Alexandrov²,

Rani³

et al. 2020

Biomed. Opt. Express

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“…First and foremost parameter that qualify a material to be suitable for CL production is the optical transparency. [ 37 ] Figure shows different types of CLs and their global market share. There are five main materials used for the production of CLs; PMMA, gas permeable, hybrid, hydrogel, and silicon hydrogel.…”

Section: Materials Used For Clsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for Additive Manufacturing in Contact Lens Devices

et al. 2020

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Additive manufacturing (3D printing) has the ability to architect structures at microscale, giving rise to the development of functional contact lenses (CLs) with inbuilt sensing capabilities. 3D printing technology enables fabrication of CLs without surface geometry restrictions. Spherical, nonspherical, symmetric, and asymmetric lenses can be manufactured in an integrated production process. Advantages of 3D printing over conventional techniques include fast and easy production, one‐step manufacturing, and no post processing such as grinding or polishing. In addition, and most significantly, 3D printing can create chambers within the wall of the lenses by taking the advantage of computer‐aided modeling and layer‐by‐layer deposition of the materials. These inbuilt chambers can be used for loading drugs and sensing elements. The computer‐aided design modeling can allow for manufacturing of patient‐specific CLs. This article focuses on the 3D‐printing approaches and the challenges faced in fabricating CLs. 3D‐printing technology as a technique for manufacturing of CLs is discussed, in addition to the manufacturing challenges and the possible solutions to overcome the obstacles.

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“… 3 , 4 Similarly, an analysis of the refractive index of the cornea can give indications of various corneal diseases like cataract and glaucoma. 5 Exhaled air of human beings contains many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) formed as a result of complex biochemical processes within the human body. Analysis of the VOCs can provide early indications of various diseases and health conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Fiber-Optic Metallic Multilayer Biosensors

2021

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Accurate and quick sensing of various biomolecules relevant to different health conditions is indispensable in modern diagnosis and treatment procedures. Different multilayer metallic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor configurations comprising Au, Ag, Al, and Cu are analyzed in this work by employing an N -layer matrix formalism as applied to the fixed-angle spectral SPR sensing methodology. Stringent standards for sensitivity, detection accuracy, and figure of merit (FOM) of the sensor configurations are set to analyze the relative merits of one configuration over another. It is observed that three- and four-layer configurations using Al and Cu provide the best FOM among all sensors that passed the set standard criteria. The highest FOM (1433.82/RIU) is observed for the four-layer Al/Cu/Al/Cu sensor for an analyte refractive index of 1.408. The sensors are best suited for detecting analytes with a refractive index range of 1.350–1.414.

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The refractive index of the human cornea: A review

Cited by 70 publications

References 27 publications

Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography to assess wound healing within the cornea

Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography to assess wound healing within the cornea

Prospects for Additive Manufacturing in Contact Lens Devices

Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Fiber-Optic Metallic Multilayer Biosensors

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