The Regulation of Corticofugal Fiber Targeting by Retinal Inputs

Grant, Eleanor; Hoerder‐Suabedissen, Anna; Molnár, Zoltán

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv315

Cited by 68 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…The micropipette was filled with mineral oil (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA) and attached to a pressure injector (Nanoliter 2010, World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL) connected to a pump controller (Micro4 Controller, World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). To target corticothalamic L6, layer 5 (L5), the AC of NTSR1-Cre ( 22–25 ) or RPB4-Cre ( 26, 27 ) neonates was injected with “eNpHR3.0” AAV1 (AAV-EF1a-DIO-eNpHR3.0-YFP) (Halorhodopsin-AAV) constructs from UNC Vector Core (Chapel Hill, NC) or Gi-coupled hM4Di DREADDs AAV8 (AAV8-DIO-hSyn-hM4Di-mCherry) (DREADDs-AAV) construct from Addgene (Cambridge, MA). The micropipette carrying the viral particles was first located above the AC at the left hemisphere at 1.5 mm anterior to lambda and just at the edge of the skull’s flat horizon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticothalamic gating of population auditory thalamocortical transmission in mouse

Ibrahim

Murphy

Muscioni

et al. 2019

Preprint

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36Since the discovery of the receptive field, scientists have tracked receptive field structure 37 to gain insights about mechanisms of sensory processing. At the level of the thalamus 38 and cortex, this linear filter approach has been challenged by findings that populations of 39 cortical neurons respond in a stereotyped fashion to sensory stimuli. Here, we elucidate 40 a possible mechanism by which gating of cortical representations occurs. All-or-none 41 population responses (here called "ON" and "OFF" responses) were observed in vivo and 42 in vitro in the mouse auditory cortex at near-threshold acoustic or electrical stimulation. 43 ON-responses were associated with previously-described UP states in the auditory 44 cortex. OFF-responses in the cortex were only eliminated by blocking GABAergic 45 inhibition in the thalamus. Opto-and chemogenetic silencing of NTSR-positive 46 corticothalamic layer 6 (CTL6) neurons as well as the pharmacological blocking of the 47 thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) retrieved the missing cortical responses, suggesting that 48 the corticothalamic feedback inhibition via TRN controls the gating of thalamocortical 49 activity. Moreover, the oscillation of the pre-stimulus activity of corticothalamic cells 50 predicted the cortical ON vs. OFF responses, suggesting that underlying cortical 51 oscillation controls thalamocortical gating. These data suggest that the thalamus may 52 recruit cortical ensembles rather than linearly encoding ascending stimuli and that 53 corticothalamic projections play a key role in selecting cortical ensembles for activation. 54 55 56 57Introduction: 58 Our interactions with the world depend on how the sensory information is transmitted, 59 integrated, and processed in the nervous system. Most models of perception propose 60 that activation of the cerebral cortex is critical for conscious experience of sensory stimuli. 61For most of our senses, the thalamus is a critical brain structure to allow information to 62 reach the cortex. One view of thalamic function proposed that thalamus governs the 63 sensory representation in the cortex by linearly transmitting the sensory information from 64 lower sensory structures to the cortex. This view emerged after the descriptions of 65 receptive field transformations in the visual system by Hubel and Wiesel (1). According 66 to this idea, cortical activity patterns during sensory perception should be predictable 67 based on activity patterns in the thalamus and patterns of synaptic convergence of 68 thalamocortical neurons onto cortical neurons. 69However, this view does not comport with findings that population activity in sensory 70 cortices is often stereotyped and recapitulates patterns of cortical spontaneous activity 71 (2-5). In addition, a linear filter model cannot explain the presence of formed complex 72 hallucinations, which are associated with elevated activity in the primary sensory cortices 73 (6-8). As such, a hypothesis has emerged that sensory representations are developed by 74 earl...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticothalamic gating of population auditory thalamocortical transmission in mouse

Ibrahim

Murphy

Muscioni

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…For example, in the absence of retinal input, the exteroceptive visual nucleus LGN receives input from L5B (refs 19, 85), a normally higher-order nucleus-destined afferent, and develops a corresponding higher-order transcriptional identity19. Ascending exteroceptive and descending corticofugal inputs may thus compete to innervate thalamic nuclei.…”

Section: Developmental Emergence and Plasticity Of Neocortical Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate and freedom in developing neocortical circuits

Jabaudon

2017

Nat Commun

110

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The activity of neuronal circuits of the neocortex underlies our ability to perceive the world and interact with our environment. During development, these circuits emerge from dynamic interactions between cell-intrinsic, genetically determined programs and input/activity-dependent signals, which together shape these circuits into adulthood. Building on a large body of experimental work, several recent technological developments now allow us to interrogate these nature–nurture interactions with single gene/single input/single-cell resolution. Focusing on excitatory glutamatergic neurons, this review discusses the genetic and input-dependent mechanisms controlling how individual cortical neurons differentiate into specialized cells to assemble into stereotypical local circuits within global, large-scale networks.

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“…We next examined the development of synapses of tdTom+ axons in Po. tdTom+ axons are shown to innervate Po in the first postnatal week (Grant et al, 2016;Hoerder-Suabedissen et al, 2019). tdTom+ boutons, which colocalised with VGluT1, were detected in Po at P8.…”

Section: Layer 5 Giant Boutons In Posterior Thalamic Nucleus Develop mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Previous studies using injection of anterograde tracers, or Thy1 promotor-driven fluorescence labelling, have shown that layer 5 neurons from S1 cortex have giant boutons in Po of adult brains (Groh et al, 2008;Hoerder-Suabedissen et al, 2018;Hoogland et al, 1991). To study the synaptic development of layer 5 corticothalamic projections, we used the Rbp4-Cre;tdTomato mouse line, whose tdTomato expression starts in a subset of layer 5 neurons at late embryonic stages (Grant et al, 2016;Hoerder-Suabedissen et al, 2019). This allows us to visualise their corticothalamic projections innervating Po in the early postnatal period.…”

Section: Layer 5 Giant Boutons In Posterior Thalamic Nucleus Develop mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilisation of Rbp4-Cre-driven Snap25 cKO has some advantages to study the development of synapses in the corticothalamic system. First, Rbp4-Cre starts to be expressed at late embryonic stages (Grant et al, 2016), which is early enough to understand how layer 5 specialised giant boutons develop during the postnatal periods. Second, since Snap25 removal does not affect the ingrowth of layer 5 corticothalamic projections into thalamic nuclei (Hoerder-Suabedissen et al, 2019), we can specifically address the effect of Snap25 ablation on the specialised synaptic development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of complex synaptic connections of layer 5 cortical axons in the posterior thalamic nucleus requires SNAP25

Hayashi

Hoerder‐Suabedissen

Kiyokage

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Synapses are able to form in the absence of neuronal activity, but how is their subsequent maturation affected in the absence of regulated vesicular release? We explored this question using 3D electron microscopy and immuno electron microscopy analyses in the large, complex synapses formed between cortical sensory efferent axons and dendrites in the posterior thalamic nucleus. Using a Snap25 conditional knockout we found that during the first two postnatal weeks the axonal boutons emerge and increase in the size similar to the control animals. However, by P18, when an adult-like architecture should normally be established, axons were significantly smaller with 3D reconstructions showing that each Snap25-cko bouton only forms a single synapse with the connecting dendritic shaft. No excrescences from the dendrites were formed, and none of the normally large glomerular axon endings were seen. These results show that activity mediated through regulated vesicular release from the presynaptic terminal is not necessary for the formation of synapses, but it is required for the maturation of the specialised synaptic structures between layer 5 corticothalamic projections in Po.

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The Regulation of Corticofugal Fiber Targeting by Retinal Inputs

Cited by 68 publications

References 50 publications

Corticothalamic gating of population auditory thalamocortical transmission in mouse

Corticothalamic gating of population auditory thalamocortical transmission in mouse

Fate and freedom in developing neocortical circuits

Maturation of complex synaptic connections of layer 5 cortical axons in the posterior thalamic nucleus requires SNAP25

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