The Relation between Insomnia Symptoms, Mood, and Rumination about Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract

This was not an industry supported study. Dr. Edinger has received loaner equipment for research from Philips/Respironics; he has also received medications for research provided by Forest Pharmaceuticals. The other authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.

What is an emotional disorder? A transdiagnostic mechanistic definition with implications for assessment, treatment, and prevention

“…Findings such as these are leading researchers to emphasize the maladaptive effect of trying to control emotional experiences as an important maintaining factor in insomnia (Schmidt, Harvey, & Van der Linden, ). Individuals with insomnia often engage in dysfunctional forms of cognitive control (e.g., worry, thought suppression, rumination) that prove counterproductive and ultimately contribute to the maintenance of symptoms (Baker, Baldwin, & Garner, ; Carney, Harris, Falco, & Edinger, ; Schmidt et al., ). Insomnia disorder is also associated with the use of sleep‐related safety behaviors, a form of avoidant coping that maintains symptoms through reinforcement of maladaptive beliefs (Harvey, ,b); examples include attempts to catch up on sleep by napping, going to bed early, or conserving energy during the day (Ree & Harvey, ).…”

Objective sleep disturbances are associated with greater waking resting-state connectivity between the retrosplenial cortex/hippocampus and various nodes of the default mode network

“…67,68 Consequently, the neuro biological mechanisms of the above mentioned cognitive processes may differ between individuals with insomnia and those with depression. However, it should also be noted that the present sample size of 20 participants per group provides sufficient power only for the detection of large effect sizes in a between subjects design.…”

When Thinking Impairs Sleep: Trait, Daytime and Nighttime Repetitive Thinking in Insomnia

“…In study 2, we measured (daytime and nighttime) sleep-related worry but not sleep-related rumination. Future research should therefore aim to extend our findings, for instance by adding a daytime and nighttime measure of the new Daytime Insomnia Symptom Response Scale, a measure for sleep-related rumination (Carney et al, 2013). A third limitation is that we exclusively relied on subjective measures to assess sleep.…”