The relation between radiographic features and determinants of risk of breast cancer

Gravelle, I. H.; Bulstrode, J. C.; Wang, D. Y.; Bulbrook, R. D.; Hayward, J. L.

doi:10.1259/0007-1285-53-626-107

Cited by 42 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several other reproductive factors have been reported to be associated with both increased breast cancer risk and greater breast density in pre-and postmenopausal women, including nulliparity, late age at first birth, lower parity, and possibly early age at menarche [25,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. However, in the current study, we found no association between breast density and these breast cancer risk factors, except for parity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in women over age 70

Modugno

Ngo

Allen

et al. 2005

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in women over age 70

Modugno

Ngo

Allen

et al. 2005

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…A positive association was seen in two studies [16, 18], including a large HMO population of nearly 30,000 women in Seattle [16]. Studies of breast cancer family members [17], Singaporean women [20], and Hispanic women [19] found no association between menarcheal age and breast density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the influence of age at menarche, which in most studies is inversely related to breast cancer risk [e.g., 13–15], remains uncertain. Some studies have found positive associations [6, 16, 17], at least one suggests an inverse association [18], and others found no relation between age at menarche on breast density [19, 20]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer risk factors in relation to breast density (United States)

Titus-Ernstoff

Tosteson²,

Kasales

et al. 2006

Cancer Causes Control

107

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Objectives Evaluate known breast cancer risk factors in relation to breast density. Methods We examined factors in relation to breast density in 144,018 New Hampshire (NH) women with at least one mammogram recorded in a statewide mammography registry. Mammographic breast density was measured by radiologists using the BI-RADS classification; risk factors of interest were obtained from patient intake forms and questionnaires. Results Initial analyses showed a strong inverse influence of age and body mass index (BMI) on breast density. In addition, women with late age at menarche, late age at first birth, premenopausal women, and those currently using hormone therapy (HT) tended to have higher breast density, while those with greater parity tended to have less dense breasts. Analyses stratified on age and BMI suggested interactions, which were formally assessed in a multivariable model. The impact of current HT use, relative to nonuse, differed across age groups, with an inverse association in younger women, and a positive association in older women (p < 0.0001 for the interaction). The positive effects of age at menarche and age at first birth, and the inverse influence of parity were less apparent in women with low BMI than in those with high BMI (p = 0.04, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.01, respectively, for the interactions). We also noted stronger positive effects for age at first birth in postmenopausal women (p = 0.004 for the interaction). The multivariable model indicated a slight positive influence of family history of breast cancer. Conclusions The influence of age at menarche and reproductive factors on breast density is less evident in women with high BMI. Density is reduced in young women using HT, but increased in HT users of age 50 or more.

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“…The remaining variation in MD is thought to be, in part, genetically regulated (or genetically determined) (reviewed in [6]). Increased MD has been positively associated with family history of breast cancer in most [3, 7–16], but not all [17–21], studies, which have included women with and without a personal history of breast cancer and have used a variety of methods to measure MD. Family studies [22, 23], including studies of sisters [24–27] and twins [23, 27–29], provide further support for a genetic influence on MD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammographic density does not differ between unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and women at low-to-average risk of breast cancer

Gierach

Loud

Chow

et al. 2010

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Elevated mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest risk factors for sporadic breast cancer. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that MD is, in part, genetically determined; however, the relationship between MD and BRCA1/2 mutation status is equivocal. We compared MD in unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers enrolled in the U.S. National Cancer Institute’s Clinical Genetics Branch’s Breast Imaging Study (n = 143) with women at low-to-average breast cancer risk enrolled in the same study (n = 29) or the NCI/National Naval Medical Center’s Susceptibility to Breast Cancer Study (n = 90). The latter were BRCA mutation-negative members of mutation-positive families or women with no prior breast cancer, a Pedigree Assessment Tool score <8 (i.e., low risk of a hereditary breast cancer syndrome) and a Gail score <1.67. A single experienced mammographer measured MD using a computer-assisted thresholding method. We collected standard breast cancer risk factor information in both studies. Unadjusted mean percent MD was higher in women with BRCA1/2 mutations compared with women at low-to-average breast cancer risk (37.3% vs. 33.4%; P = 0.04), but these differences disappeared after adjusting for age and body mass index (34.9% vs. 36.3%; P = 0.43). We explored age at menarche, nulliparity, age at first birth, menopausal status, number of breast biopsies, and exposure to exogenous hormonal agents as potential confounders of the MD and BRCA1/2 association. Taking these factors into account did not significantly alter the results of the age/body mass index-adjusted analysis. Our results do not provide support for an independent effect of BRCA1/2 mutation status on mammographic density.

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The relation between radiographic features and determinants of risk of breast cancer

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in women over age 70

Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in women over age 70

Breast cancer risk factors in relation to breast density (United States)

Mammographic density does not differ between unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and women at low-to-average risk of breast cancer

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