The Relation Between the Serum Urea Concentration and the Protein Consumption of Normal Individuals 1

Addis, T.; Barrett, Evalyn; Poo, L. J.; Yuen, D. W.

doi:10.1172/jci101878

Cited by 64 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Widdowson & McCance (1936) found a higher protein intake in men, as compared with women, in the English middle class; and Addis et al (1947) found that when the daily protein intake in young men was increased from 05 to 2-5 g/kg body weight the mean plasma urea concentration increased from 19-3 to 45 mg/100 ml. Protein intake may also contribute to the fluctuations of urea during the day in the same individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This, however, does not seem to apply to the plasma urea concentration. Its variability is stressed by Addis et al (1947), andPucher et al (1934) found that, within the same subjects, the urea concentration was unusual in having a higher coefficient of variation in blood (average 20 4) than in urine (average 18-8). Our study of diurnal variation and the effects of a high-protein meal confirm that within the same individual the plasma urea concentration shows considerable variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma urea concentrations in the general population: comparison with ‘hospital normal values’

Waters

Greene

Keyser

1967

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma urea concentrations in the general population: comparison with ‘hospital normal values’

Waters

Greene

Keyser

1967

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…In a previous paper based on the same study (1), it was shown that the serum urea concentration of subjects with intact renal function increases with protein consumption. In contrast, the serum creatinine concentration in such subjects was shown to be independent of protein consumption (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

The Relation Between Protein Consumption and Diurnal Variations of the Endogenous Creatinine Clearance in Normal Individuals 1

Addis¹,

Barrett²,

Poo³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

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In a previous paper based on the same study (1), it was shown that the serum urea concentration of subjects with intact renal function increases with protein consumption. In contrast, the serum creatinine concentration in such subjects was shown to be independent of protein consumption (2). It has long been known that endogenous urea excretion increases with the protein consumed, while the rate of endogenous creatinine excretion has been shown to be relatively independent of the amount of protein consumed (3).Popper and Mandel (4) first utilized the endogenous creatinine clearance in man as a measure of the glomerular filtration rate. Steinitz and Turkand (5) found a good correspondence between the inulin and endogenous creatinine clearances in normal subjects. More recently Brod and Sirota (6) have studied the endogenous creatinine chromogen/inulin clearance ratio in man, and concluded that the endogenous creatinine clearance corresponds closely to the inulin clearance in normal subjects. Discrepancies which appear in subjects with renal disease and markedly impaired renal function, are not sufficient to affect seriously the clinical value of the test as a general indicator of renal competence. This judgment has been confirmed by Camara (7), as well as by numerous clinical observations of our own.Miller and Dubos (8) showed that creatinine is not the only chromogen in human serum that produces color in the Jaffe reaction. The ratio of such "pseudocreatinine" to creatinine is higher in azotemic individuals. Brod and Kotatko (9) found that the endogenous creatinine and the inu- lin clearances approach identity only when the "true" creatinine clearance is used. They used Lloyd's reagent to adsorb creatinine and determined the residual "pseudocreatinine" concentration in the serum.Diurnal variations in the endogenous creatinine clearance have been studied by Brod (10). He found that the endogenous creatinine clearance in normal individuals is depressed during the night. In a more complete investigation, Sirota, Baldwin and Villarreal ( 11 ) studied diurnal variations in renal function of normal male subjects. They found no significant difference in the night and day values for the endogenous creatinine clearance, except for a slight fall in the period from 12 Midnight to 4 A.M. These experiments were conducted on "routine ward" diets, and no attempt was made to vary or to control at a constant level the consumption of protein or of creatininecontaining foods.Of all renal function tests, the endogenous creatinine clearance is easiest to perform since no foreign substance is infused, the serum concentration is constant, and urine collections can be made over long periods of time, up to 24 hours, thus minimizing the errors in collection. Those who have struggled with the methods for performing inulin determinations realize the relative precision and simplicity of the creatinine determination, as modified by Bonsnes and Taussky (12). For these reasons it seemed desirable to investigate the effect of dietary protein con...

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“…In the preceding paper (1) it is shown that the blood urea concentration of subjects with intact renal function increases as their protein consumption increases. The conclusion is drawn that a relatively dependable inference from urea concentration to renal function requires a knowledge of the amount of protein a patient is taking and, in addition, a clinical situation that warrants us in excluding any sudden and pronounced increase in protein catabolism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We have therefore measured the variability of serum creatinine concentrations in individuals without proteinuria whose renal function was presumably unimpaired. The same subjects, the same diets, the same blood collections were used for the serum creatinine as for the blood urea concentration measurements (1). But within this identity of conditions there is concealed a difference that exists for creatinine but not for urea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Serum Creatinine Concentration of Normal Individuals 1

Barrett

Addis²

1947

J. Clin. Invest.

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The Relation Between the Serum Urea Concentration and the Protein Consumption of Normal Individuals 1

Cited by 64 publications

References 4 publications

Plasma urea concentrations in the general population: comparison with ‘hospital normal values’

Plasma urea concentrations in the general population: comparison with ‘hospital normal values’

The Relation Between Protein Consumption and Diurnal Variations of the Endogenous Creatinine Clearance in Normal Individuals 1

The Serum Creatinine Concentration of Normal Individuals 1

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