The Relation Between Urinary Tract Infections and Stone Composition in Renal Stone Formers

Holmgren, Klas; Danielson, Bo G.; Fellström, Bengt; Ljunghall, Sverker; Niklasson, F; Wíkström, Björn

doi:10.3109/00365598909180827

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Infection by urea-splitting bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella or Proteus causes urine alkalization due to urease activity. Urine alkalization results in supersaturation with phosphate [7]. In the series of Hedelin et al [8], the mean amount of catheter encrustation was related to the mean monitoring pH in patients with long-term indwelling catheters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-Term Analysis of Suprapubic Cystostomy Drainage in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder

Nomura

Teranishi

et al. 2000

Urol Int

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Objective: We assessed the roles of suprapubic cystostomy in patients with neurogenic bladder and analyzed the complications and their courses. Patients and Methods: We reviewed 118 patients with neurogenic bladder managed with suprapubic cystostomy. The original diseases were spinal cord injury in 90, degenerative disease of the central nervous system in 15, spina bifida in 6, cerebral palsy in 3, pontine bleeding in 1, Parkinson’s disease in 1, brain tumor in 1, and dysgenesis of the external sphincter in 1. Fifty-six (62.2%) of spinal cord-injured patients demonstrated cervical damage. Renal function, urinary pH and white blood cell values were measured and evaluated after insertion. The stone-free rate after insertion was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Indications for cystostomy were failure of clean intermittent catheterization in 62 (52.5%) and Credé’s maneuver in 2, severe urethral damage in 30 (25.4%), replacement of urethral catheter in 3, worsening of the original disease in 15 (12.7%), deterioration of the general condition in 2, mental retardation in 2, and traumatic vesical rupture in 1. Frequent complications were formation of the bladder calculi in 30 (25%) and urinary leakage through the urethra in 11 (10%). No fatal complications occurred. The stone-free rates 5 and 10 years after insertion were 77 and 64%, respectively. The urinary pH of the stone-forming group was significantly higher than that of the stone-free group. The high urinary pH group (>7.24) had a higher risk of stone formation. Conclusions: Although continuous cystostomy drainage is not considered to be ideal management for bladder emptying, some patients with neurogenic bladder may benefit from this procedure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-Term Analysis of Suprapubic Cystostomy Drainage in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder

Nomura

Teranishi

et al. 2000

Urol Int

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“…Heinophilis influenzae. S. aureus and so on, are the causative organisms crystallizing stru vite [10][11][12]. But it is also said that infection with such organisms is not essential for the formation of stones in the urine [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Compositions of 300 Lower Urinary Tract Calculi and Associated Disorders in the Urinary Tract

Takasaki¹,

Suzuki²,

Honda³

et al. 1995

Urol Int

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The stones removed from 273 patients (220 males, 53 females) with bladder stones and 27 patients with urethral stones (males) were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. Of these stones 50.0% contained magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP), 39.9% calcium (oxalate and/or phosphate), 9.4% uric acid (urate), and 0.7% cystine. The disorders associated with bladder stones were prostatic hyperplasia and cancer (47.8%), neurogenic bladder (11.8%), urethral stricture (3.6%) and so on in males, and neurogenic bladder (48.1%), after operation of uterus (29.0%), bladder cancer (5.7%) and so on in females. Urinary infections were complications in 59.3% of patients with MAP stones, 41.2% with urate stones and 20.0% with calcium stones. The most often isolated bacteria from the infected urine were of the Proteus species.

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“…Results from different studies are variable ranging up to 88% versus 26% for calcium stone formers. 15,16 The fact that all urine cultures came out negative does not exclude struvite stone, but at least lowers the possibility of having included patients with struvite stones.…”

Section: Ct Images Predict the Development Of Stone Disease 1019mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of CT Diagnosed Papillae Tip Microcalcifications: Can We Predict the Development of Stones?

Ciudin

Luque

Salvador

et al. 2014

Journal of Endourology

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Objectives: To determine the incidence of computed tomography (CT) identifiable Randall plaques in a CT explored population; to determine the clinical relevance of this radiological finding by a 7-year follow-up; to determine a cut point to identify a population with high risk of developing calcium stone disease (SD). Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of all patients explored by abdominal CT in our center between January and March 2005. Inclusion criteria: age 30-60 years and no SD. Papillae attenuation was measured on nonenhanced CT in Hounsfield units (HU) and the mean of all papillae was calculated. Patients were reevaluated after 7 years to identify calcium stone formers. Anamnesis and already available CT, ultrasound, kidney, ureter, and bladder radiograph (KUB) or intravenous urography (IVU) images performed as part of their follow-up were used. In patients with no follow-up, ultrasound and KUB were to be performed. Pearson correlation, Student t-test, and the receiver operator curve were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 362 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed; 12 developed calcium SD after 7 years. A significant difference was encountered between the papillae attenuation of stone formers (SF) versus non-SF (47.2HU vs. 35.5HU, p = 0.001). There was good correlation between papillae attenuation and the possibility of developing SD (R = 0.87). An optimal cut point of 43HU with a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 97%, area under the curve 0.91, separated SF and non-SF. Conclusion: Patients with high papillae density have a higher risk of developing SD. A cut point of 43HU could accurately be used to identify a high-risk population.

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The Relation Between Urinary Tract Infections and Stone Composition in Renal Stone Formers

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Long-Term Analysis of Suprapubic Cystostomy Drainage in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder

Long-Term Analysis of Suprapubic Cystostomy Drainage in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder

Chemical Compositions of 300 Lower Urinary Tract Calculi and Associated Disorders in the Urinary Tract

The Evolution of CT Diagnosed Papillae Tip Microcalcifications: Can We Predict the Development of Stones?

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