This study aimed to analyze the thematic structure and trends in scientific publications discussing the relationship between curriculum development and self-esteem and provide a roadmap for future research investigating this topic. This study used systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis (BA) to describe self-esteem-based curriculum development and reveal its bibliometric profile. The data were obtained from the 2012–2021 Scopus database by identifying the research on curriculum and self-esteem, so the keywords used are (“curriculum development” or “curriculum”) and (“self-esteem” or “self esteem”). The results show that the publication examining the curriculum and self-esteem leads to stable total publication. Countries contributing to this topic are the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, India, and South Africa. Meanwhile, the universities mostly credited with high citations on this topic are Monash University, the Ohio State University, and Universidad de Malaga. This study discovers that most of the articles about curriculum and self-esteem discuss health sciences/medicine, psychology, and education. The results indicated that the structure and trends in thematic academic studies provide a roadmap for future studies investigating curriculum development and self-esteem. In this context, educational researchers should interconnect their scientific field with psychology, specifically self-esteem. Therefore, the development of a self-esteem-based curriculum can run well. This article attempted to gain insights into how research on curriculum and self-esteem has progressed using the systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis.