The relationship among CO2 emissions, electricity power consumption and GDP in OECD countries

RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effect of energy consumption on the environment in the OECD countries: economic policy uncertainty perspectives

“…Prior to this point, the literature on economic growth and energy consumption dates as far back as 1978, following a seminal work by Kraft and Kraft on the relationship between energy and Gross National Product. A handful of studies have concentrated on the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption in OECD countries (see Wong et al 2013 ; Coers and Sanders 2013 ; Bella et al 2014 ; Mercan and Karakaya 2015 ). For instance, Asongu et al ( 2017 ) explored the determinants of environmental degradation in selected 44 sub-Saharan African countries using generalized method of moments techniques to explore the role of ICT modulates the effect of CO 2 emissions on inclusive development.…”

The influence of economic growth, urbanization, trade openness, financial development, and renewable energy on pollution in Europe

“…The increase in GDP growth by 1 % will increase CO 2 emission by 0.41, Lean and Smyth 2010;Hossain 2011;Chandran and Tang 2013;Shahbaz et al 2013a, b;Baek and Pride 2014;Bella et al 2014;Al-mulali 2014a, b;Boutabba 2014;Kasman, and Duman 2015 and so forth). Furthermore, financial development increases pollution by its positive effect on CO 2 emission in the long run.…”

“…These studies are summarized in Table 1. Most of the previous studies utilized GDP growth (Soytas et al 2007;Sadorsky 2009;Menyah and Wolde-Rufael 2010a, b;Lean and Smyth 2010;Acaravci and Ozturk 2010;Pao and Tsai 2010;Hossain 2011;Bloch et al 2012;Jafari et al 2012;Shahbaz et al 2013a, b;Govindaraju and Tang 2013;Apergis and Payne 2014;Baek and Pride 2014;AlMulali et al 2015; and so forth), energy consumption Payne 2009, 2010;Hossain 2011;Zhang and Cheng 2009;Bloch et al 2012;Chandran and Tang 2013;Shahbaz et al 2013a, b;Saboori and Sulaiman 2013a, b;Bella et al 2014;Boutabba 2014;Begum et al 2015;Alshehry and Belloumi 2015; and so forth), urbanization (Hossain 2011;Zhang and Cheng 2009;Jafari et al 2012;Zhang and Lin 2012;Al-mulali 2014a, b;Zhang et al 2014;Shafiei and Salim 2014;Kasman and Duman 2015), population (Zhang and Cheng 2009;Zhang and Lin 2012;Omri 2013;Apergis and Payne 2014;Shafiei and Salim 2014;Alam et al 2014), trade openness (Halicioglu 2009;…”

“…Most of the studies revealed that the above economic indicators were the main sources of pollution as they had long-run and short-run significant impacts on pollution. Moreover, most of the studies utilized CO 2 emission as an indicator of environmental pollution (Halicioglu 2009;Sadorsky 2009;Apergis and Payne 2010;Menyah and WoldeRufael 2010a, b;Zhang and Cheng 2009;Hossain 2011;Alam et al 2012;Ozturk and Uddin 2012;Bloch et al 2012;Jafari et al 2012;Shahbaz et al 2013a;Chandran and Tang 2013;Saboori and Sulaiman 2013a, b;Apergis and Payne 2014;Baek and Pride 2014;Bella et al 2014;Boutabba 2014;Heidari et al 2015;Kasman and Duman 2015;Zhang and Da 2015; and so forth).…”

Οι Επιπτώσεις Της Δημοσιονομικής Πολιτικής Και Ο Ρόλος Της Περιβαλλοντικής Πολιτικής

“…For example, seeShafik and Bandyopadhyay (1992),Zarzoso and Morancho (2003),Binder and Neumayer (2005) andHalkos (2013a). Also seeBella et al (2014) andYang et al (2015) for more recent and sophisticated approaches regarding the estimation of the relationship between CO 2 emissions and economic growth.17 This dataset is a panel of ambient measurements from a number of locations in cities around the world.…”