The Relationship Between Blood Lead Level and Preeclampsia

Bayat, Fatemeh; Akbari, Sedigheh Amir Ali; Dabirioskoei, Atousa; Nasiri, Malihe; Mellati, Aliosat

doi:10.19082/3450

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Lead from the blood can cross the placenta and impair the development of the fetus [51,52]. Therefore, lead-exposed women are at risk of suffering various pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous abortion [1,53], preterm delivery [54,55], GDM [8,56], pregnancy hypertension [57][58][59], preeclampsia [60][61][62][63][64], premature rupture of membranes [65,66], intrauterine growth restriction [67], and low weight birth [68,69], among others.…”

Section: Lead Exposure and Female Reproductive Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lead on Reproductive Health

León¹,

Salas-Pacheco²

2020

Lead Chemistry

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It has been documented that lead can cause a wide range of adverse reproductive outcomes. In men, lead can reduce the libido and affect spermatogenesis reducing the quality of sperm. Other effects in exposed men include disturbance of prostatic function and damage in serum testosterone. In pregnant women, lead can cross the placenta and impair the development of the fetus. Therefore, exposed women are at risk of suffering spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy hypertension, preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine growth restriction, low weight birth, and other pregnancy complications. In both men and women, lead has been associated with infertility. Harmful effects of this heavy metal have been observed even at low levels of exposure. Thus, exposure to lead remains a public health problem, especially for reproductive health. Some strategies should be considered to prevent harmful effects of lead on both male and female reproductive systems.

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Section: Lead Exposure and Female Reproductive Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lead on Reproductive Health

León¹,

Salas-Pacheco²

2020

Lead Chemistry

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“…Lead has been known to readily cross the placenta[ 22 23 ] and is excreted in breast milk;[ 24 25 ] hence, lead has been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes like preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes (PROM),[ 26 27 28 29 30 ] fetal growth restriction, and neural tube defects. [ 31 ] Pregnant mothers who have been previously exposed to lead are even more vulnerable during pregnancy because remobilization process in response to increased calcium requirement ends up remobilizing lead into blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood lead levels in antenatal women and its association with iron deficiency anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Yadav

Chambial

Agrawal

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Objectives: Lead is one of the most toxic heavy metal prevalent in the environment, which affects almost all major organs including heart, brain, intestines, kidneys as well as reproductive organs. It has been known that serum iron deficiency is associated with increased serum lead levels as lead is a particularly pernicious element to iron metabolism. Lead is also known to freely cross the placenta too; hence, this study was planned to determine any association between antenatal iron deficiency anemia (IDA), raised blood lead levels (BPb), and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study done on 99 antenatal women with IDA and 41 nonanemic antenatal women. Lead levels were assessed in these 140 antenatal women and they were followed for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Chi-square test was used to find a difference in quantitative variables and Pearson's correlation test was used to assess association between BPb and hemoglobin levels. Results: We found that in 11 out of 99 (11.11%) women with IDA, BPb levels were high as compared to high BPb levels in only 1 out of 41 (2.4%) women without IDA and the high BPb levels ranged from 4 μg/dl–16.9 μg/dl with a mean BPb of 8.1 μg/dl. The difference in BPb among anemic and nonanemic antenatal women was significant ( P < 0.05) and there was a negative dose effect relationship between BPb levels and hemoglobin levels. This difference in antenatal outcomes among women with and without high BPb levels was also significant with increased incidence of pre-eclampsia, FGR, and preterm deliveries in women with raised BPb levels. The incidence of NICU admission was also higher in the neonates of mothers with high BPb levels. Conclusions: We propose screening of high-risk women based on their social, occupational, environmental, and personal factors, with serum lead levels in the preconception period itself. All public and personal measures must be taken to reduce lead consumption and exposure in the preconception and antenatal period.

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“…This is the third article extracted from the master's thesis entitled "The Relationship Between Blood Lead Levels and Preeclampsia" [17,18]. Sampling was performed using a purpose-based method and the subjects included healthy pregnant women who passed a natural perinatal period and were admitted to the mentioned hospital for the termination of pregnancy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Relationship between Blood Lead Level and Complete Blood Counts in Pregnant Women

Akbari

Dabirioskoei

Nasiri

et al. 2018

PCNM

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Background: Lead exposure is one of the global health problems, especially among pregnant women. Objectives: In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the correlation between blood lead and blood indicators in healthy pregnant women. Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 80 pregnant women hospitalized in Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan during 2015. After receiving informed consent, 3.5 mL of their blood samples were taken for measuring the blood lead and indicators. Then, Symex was used to analyze hematologic indicators, followed by utilizing potentiometric method and Ion3 to measure blood lead level. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software, (version 22) applying Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression. A Pvalue of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean blood lead of the subjects was 6.24±1.74 μg/dL. Based on the results, a significant correlation was found between blood lead and hemoglobin (Hb: r=-0.39, P<0.001), mean corpuscular volume (MCV: r=-0.26, P=0.02), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH: r=0.27, P=0.013), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC: r=-0.327, P=0.003), and platelet number (Plt: r=0.359, P= 0.001). However, no significant correlation was observed between blood lead and other platelet and blood indicators. Conclusion: Overall, blood lead affects blood indicators. Therefore, it is suggested to plan and implement strategies to reduce exposure to lead in the environment, especially for pregnant women.

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The Relationship Between Blood Lead Level and Preeclampsia

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of Lead on Reproductive Health

Effects of Lead on Reproductive Health

Blood lead levels in antenatal women and its association with iron deficiency anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Study of the Relationship between Blood Lead Level and Complete Blood Counts in Pregnant Women

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