The relationship between body mass index and mental disorders in the adult population

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the features of the body mass index (BMI) in schizophrenia patients (SP) who live in Chuvashia. Material and methods. 607 SP were examined (307 men and 300 women) aged 18 to 82 (average - 44.51 ± 12.3 years). The diagnosis of schizophrenia met the criteria for ICD-10 (F20-29); disease duration ranged from 0 to 52 years (mean - 18.9 ± 10.7 years). BMI was taken into account according to the Ketle index. For each SP, a survey card with clinical, therapeutic, and socio-demographic indices was filled out. The comparison group included a sample of 3417 residents of Chuvashia. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out using descriptive statistics and χ2 distribution. Results. 9.2% of SP had underweight, 54.2% - normal body weight, 36.6% - excess body weight and obesity. Among women there were significantly more persons with increased BMI and obesity, among men - with normal BMI. In SP, BMI did not depend on the group of taken antipsychotics (typical, atypical, mixed-use) and the disease’s duration. With patients’ age, BMI increased to excess BMI (25-29.9 kg/m2). Among SP, persons with underweight were much more common (among healthy people, 2% vs 9.2% in SP). From 40 years of age and older, among the healthy population, persons with an increased BMI and obesity begin to predominate significantly compared with the SP group. Observations of BMI during inpatient treatment from 1.5 to 22 months showed multidirectional dynamics, including increased body weight in 42.2% of SP, a decrease in 30.1%, without changes in BMI in 27.7%; it was not possible to retrospectively identify any patterns of BMI fluctuations. Conclusion. The revealed paradoxes of BMI for SP in Chuvashia, especially a high proportion of SP with underweight, require refinement considering ethnic, genetic, sex and age, hormon and metabolic factors.

Typology and Factorial Conditioning of Suicidal Behavior of Adolescents

“…In modern science, both mental disorders of personality (Nosov, Yurieva, 2016), severe somatic diseases (Andrianova et al, 2018;Umansky et al, 2017), and personal characteristics of suicides are considered as factors of suicidal risk: accentuations (Khritinin, Samokhin, Bunkova, 2014), value-semantic sphere of personality (Belyaeva, Molokanova, Mikitenko, 2013), nonadaptive coping strategies (Morozova, Borisenko, Evseenkova, 2019), self-rejection (Altybaeva, Ospanova, 2017), violations in decision-making (Medvedeva et al, 2016), self-doubt (Altybaeva, Ospanova, 2017), hopelessness (Beck et al, 1999), loneliness (Altybaeva, Ospanova, 2017) and other features (Rozanov et al, 2016;Uzlov, Semenova, 2017;Lakhtin et al, 2019;Golenkov et al, 2020). Researchers associate suicidal risk with dysfunctional family relationships (Bonkalo, Bonkalo, 2014;Minullina, Sarbaeva, 2015), with existing relationships in educational institutions (Altybaeva, Ospanova, 2017;Spiridonov et al, 2018), with peers and close environment (Alberdi-Paramo et al, 2020).…”

Impact of organizational culture on the occupational health of specialists in socionomic professions

“…Contemporary studies contain extensive empirical material devoted to the occupational health of specialists in socionomic professions. At the same time, there is ambiguity in the interpretation of the very concept of "occupational health," which is considered mainly from medical (VERBINA, 2010;DRUZHILOV, 2013;MITINA, 1998;RAZUMOV;PONOMARENKO;PISKUNOV, 1996;RYUTINA;RYUTINA, 2017;GOLENKOV et al, 2021;MOROZOVA et al, 2020) and psychological (NIKIFOROV; AVGUSTOVA, 2010;SHINGAEV, 2015;MOROZOVA et al, 2015) points of view. In medical science, occupational health is generally understood as the ability of the body to maintain maximum performance under any occupational stress (DRUZHILOV, 2013;SHINGAEV, 2020;LOGACHEV;MAKHOV, 2015aMAKHOV, , 2015b.…”