The relationship between cholesterol levels and depression in the elderly

Ergün, Ufuk; Uğuz, Şükrü; Bozdemir, Nafiz; Güzel, Rengin; Burgut, Refik; Saatçı, Esra; Akpınar, Ersin

doi:10.1002/gps.1078

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Numerous cohort studies (on non-depressed subjects) have assessed the relationship between plasma cholesterol and mood disorders with contradictory results [49,[61][62][63][64]. Several possible explanations exist for these mixed findings.…”

Section: Affective Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that plasma fatty acids reflect dietary intake of the last few days could influence the results of those studies. Second, people with affective disorders on average have a higher body mass index (BMI) than the general population [63]. Nearly one in five patients with bipolar disorder have metabolic syndrome and from 16% up to 36% have components of it [65].…”

Section: Affective Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Grela

Rachel

Cole

et al. 2016

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Abstract:The importance of lipids in the understanding of disease states is constantly increasing. Whilst the link between metabolic disorders and lipids seems to be clear, interpreting lipid regulation in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders is a new approach. Mental disorders account for almost 15% of the total global disease burden with Alzheimer's disease, depression or schizophrenia being amongst the most widespread mental disorders in the general population. For this reason rapid and early diagnosis is crucial and finding the right biomarkers is of great importance. Lipids appear to be essential in learning the aetiopathology of neuropsychiatric diseases as well as in biomarker research as they are most abundantly present in the brain. This study discusses recent findings in neuropsychiatry in the context of lipid analysis.

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Section: Affective Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Affective Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Grela

Rachel

Cole

et al. 2016

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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“…Meta-analytic studies are an indispensable tool for bringing clarity to a disparate body of literature; however, to date there has been only one meta-analysis conducted to examine the relationship between depression and serum LDL. In 2008, Shin et al conducted a meta-analysis of 11 observational studies (Lindberg, Larsson et al 1994, Olusi and Fido 1996, Rutledge, Reis et al 2001, Sevincok, Buyukozturk et al 2001, Aijanseppa, Kivinen et al 2002, Pozzi, Troisi et al 2003, Ergun, Uguz et al 2004, Huang and Chen 2004, Karlovic, Buljan et al 2004, Elovainio, Keltikangas-Jarvinen et al 2006, Roy and Roy 2006) to evaluate the association between depression and serum LDL and determined there to be a non-significant inverse association (d = −0.17, 95% CI = −0.44, 0.10) (Shin, Suls et al 2008). The meta-analysis conducted by Shin et al included studies published through 2006; subsequent to 2006, there have been 23 additional studies conducted to examine the association between depression and serum LDL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and serum low-density lipoprotein: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Persons

Fiedorowicz

2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background: A cross-sectional association between depression and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been noted in the literature. This study aims to employ meta-analytic techniques to clarify the relationship between depression and serum LDL. Methods: Published articles through April 2015 were identified through systematic query of PubMed with follow-up manual searches. Data from 36 studies reporting mean difference and 7 studies reporting odds ratios were analyzed separately. Results: Meta-analysis of studies modeling serum LDL as a continuous measure demonstrates overall significantly lower serum LDL in depression (Mean difference=−4.29, 95% CI=−8.19, −0.40, p=0.03). Meta-analysis of studies modeling serum LDL as a categorical measure demonstrates a marginally significant lower odds of depression in the presence of low serum LDL relative to high serum LDL (OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.80, 1.01, p=0.08). Limitations: High heterogeneity was noted across sampled studies, which may be a function of variations in study design, participants sampled, or other factors. The potential for publication bias was also assessed. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrates a cross-sectional link between depression and low serum LDL.

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“…[8] However, interestingly, reflection of the vital role of cholesterol in maintaining this optimum membrane protein function has not been found to be consistent with its serum level as reported by several studies, and some of them, including some recent ones, have put doubts on the link between serum cholesterol level and psychiatric disorders as they could not find out any significant correlation between the two. [910] Moreover, studies have reported that there is no correlation between the serum and red blood cell (RBC) membrane cholesterol levels, and some have found even an increase in serum cholesterol levels with decreased RBC membrane cholesterol that is accompanied with an inhibition of the sodium pump activity. [11] These incongruent observations necessitated exploration of the role of membrane cholesterol itself in maintenance of the NKA activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of membrane cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in regulating the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity in schizophrenia

Roy

Dasgupta

Banerjee

et al. 2016

Indian J Psychiatry

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Background:Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity is compromised in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Oxidative stress and membrane lipid composition play important roles in regulating NKA activity.Aims:The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of oxidative stress-induced membrane lipid damage and membrane cholesterol composition on NKA pump activity in schizophrenia.Settings and Design:It was a hospital-based, cross-sectional, observational study in 49 cases and 51 controls for 1 year.Materials and Methods:NKA pump activity in red blood cell membrane, serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PC) adducts, and cholesterol were measured by standard spectrophotometric techniques in newly diagnosed schizophrenia patients by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision criteria. Membrane cholesterol was analyzed by chloroform and isopropanol extraction followed by measuring the cholesterol concentration by spectrophotometric technique.Statistical Analysis and Results:Mean values for NKA pump activity, membrane cholesterol level, and serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.001). The activity of NKA pump was found to be directly correlated to membrane cholesterol level rather than with the serum cholesterol values. Although the NKA pump activity showed inverse relationship with the serum values of TBARS and PC products both, on multiple linear regression analysis, it was found to be significantly positively dependent on the membrane cholesterol (β = 0.268, P = 0.01) and negatively dependent on the serum TBARS (β = −0.63, P < 0.001) levels only.Conclusion:Reduced membrane cholesterol and oxidative stress-induced damage to membrane lipids play crucial roles in decreasing the NKA activity in schizophrenia. Hence, for a better prognosis and treatment, measures are required to maintain optimum levels of cholesterol in neuronal tissues along with a proper control on oxidative stress.

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The relationship between cholesterol levels and depression in the elderly

Abstract: In the present cross sectional study, there was no association between depression and low serum cholesterol levels after adjusted for confounding factors. Further studies are needed to clarify this suggestion with larger number of patients.

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Depression and serum low-density lipoprotein: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Role of membrane cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in regulating the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity in schizophrenia

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The relationship between cholesterol levels and depression in the elderly

Abstract: In the present cross sectional study, there was no association between depression and low serum cholesterol levels after adjusted for confounding factors. Further studies are needed to clarify this suggestion with larger number of patients.

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Application of fatty acid and lipid measurements in neuropsychiatry

Depression and serum low-density lipoprotein: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Role of membrane cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in regulating the Na+/K+-ATPase activity in schizophrenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Role of membrane cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in regulating the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity in schizophrenia