The Relationship between Contrast Sensitivity, Gait, and Reading Speed in Parkinson's Disease

Moes, Elisabeth J.; Lombardi, Kathryn

doi:10.1080/13825580802233418

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, unless the non‐image‐forming pathway of the retina is shown to be affected in PD, the contribution of all these abnormalities to circadian dysfunctions in PD would be only tertiary. For example, diminished visual acuity and contrast sensitivity would lead to visual hallucinations, impaired cognition, and impaired activities of daily living in elderly and PD patients . Through the mechanisms discussed above, the emergence of these secondary dysfunctions would negatively impact the circadian system (Fig.…”

Section: Dissection Of the Circadian Neuronal System In Pd: Insights mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the circadian system in Parkinson's disease patients

Fifel

2016

Movement Disorders

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Alterations of circadian rhythms are among the most debilitating non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Although a growing awareness towards these symptoms has occurred during the last decade, their underlying neuropathophysiology remains poorly understood and consequently no effective therapeutic strategies are available to alleviate these problems. Recent studies have investigated multiple circadian rhythms at different stages of PD. The advances made have allowed an accurate evaluation of the affected underlying pathways and mechanisms. Here I dissect, over disease progression, the relative causal contribution to health impairments in PD patients of dysfunctions in the different components of the neural network governing circadian rhythms. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will provide not only a greater understanding of disease neuropathology, but also hold the promise for effective therapies. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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Section: Dissection Of the Circadian Neuronal System In Pd: Insights mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the circadian system in Parkinson's disease patients

Fifel

2016

Movement Disorders

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“…Beyond the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), deficits in contrast sensitivity (poor vision in low lighting) have been demonstrated to contribute to balance and postural stability impairments, including higher risk of falling (Moes & Lombardi, 2009). In addition to fall history, postural instability, freezing of gait, cognitive impairment, and fear of falling are also significant risk factors (Adkin et al, 2003;Allcock et al, 2009;Franchignoni et al, 2005;Kerr et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Falls, Balance Confidence, Driving Speed, Braking, and Other Driving Practices in Parkinson's Disease

Crizzle¹,

Myers²,

Roy³

et al. 2014

Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics

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Aims: Factors related to fall risk (balance confidence, motor, visual, and cognitive deficits) may also affect the driving practices of people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to explore these potential associations. Methods: A sample of 11 self-reported fallers (mean age 72.3 ± 6.0 years; 55% men) and 16 non-fallers (mean age 71.1 ± 7.2 years; 100% men) were assessed on a battery of clinical measures and brake reaction and response time. Electronic devices were installed in vehicles to examine naturalistic driving practices. Results: In the sample overall, lower balance confidence scores were associated with worse contrast sensitivity, higher levodopa equivalency dosage, and more reported driving avoidance. Fallers had significantly lower balance confidence (p < 0.01), more episodes of hard braking (p < 0.05), and drove at slower speeds (km/hour) on most roadways (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Researchers and clinicians should consider mobility problems, particularly recurrent falls and balance confidence, which may influence driving practices. other fall risk factors on both driving performance (simulators or on-road) and naturalistic practices. Other important areas of investigation include examining executive function and comparing PD drivers in the "on"/"off" medication states with respect to mobility and driving impairments.

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“…Some authors have argued that a significant reduction in CS confirming the progress of the PD and playing a key role in exacerbation of visual functions can predispose freezing phenomena during a walk. A relationship between walking velocity and deteriorating CS has also been reported [18]. An interesting fact is that CS variability in different parts the day, with higher CS in the morning and lower CS in the evening, and also the influence of circadian rhythms on the levels of retinal dopamine has been established [19].…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 88%

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Visual Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

Oa¹,

Sa²,

Oi³

2017

JNSK

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Among non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a number of specific visual disturbances. This review describes the main visual problems associated with PD, referring to their basic anatomical aspects and pathophysiological mechanisms. A wide range of visual disorders includes changes in color vision and contrast sensitivity, change in the electrophysiological properties of the retina due to the insufficiency of the retinal dopaminergic system, features of visual field defects, visuospatial and visuoperceptual impairments. The use of modern electrophysiological, neurophysiological, psychophysiological and other research methods makes it possible to comprehensively assess the state of all parts of the visual analyzer from the retina to the higher cortical centers in patients with PD. The article discusses controversial questions about the relationship between changes in color vision, a decrease in the level of contrast sensitivity and severity of motor disorders in Parkinson's disease. Finally, we discuss the advantages of using threshold and blue-yellow perimetry as more sensitive methods in detecting visual field defects in patients with PD. Keywords:

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The Relationship between Contrast Sensitivity, Gait, and Reading Speed in Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Alterations of the circadian system in Parkinson's disease patients

Alterations of the circadian system in Parkinson's disease patients

Associations Between Falls, Balance Confidence, Driving Speed, Braking, and Other Driving Practices in Parkinson's Disease

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Visual Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

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