The Relationship Between Diet Quality and Adult Obesity: Evidence from Canada

Sundararajan, Kala; Campbell, M. Karen; Choi, Yunhee; Sarma, Sisira

doi:10.1080/07315724.2013.848157

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Concurring with previous literature [29,30], this study found that obese adults had less healthy diets than normal- and overweight adults, as indicated by lower HDHI scores. Poor-quality diets also tend to be clustered with unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and alcohol binging.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Development of a Healthy Dietary Habits Index for New Zealand Adults

et al. 2017

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Healthful dietary habits are individually associated with better nutrient intake and positive health outcomes; however, this information is rarely examined together to validate an indicator of diet quality. This study developed a 15-item Healthy Dietary Habits Index (HDHI) based on self-reported dietary habits information collected in the 2008/09 New Zealand Adult Nutrition Survey. The validity of HDHI as a diet quality index was examined in relation to sociodemographic factors, 24-diet recall derived nutrient intakes, and nutritional biomarkers in a representative sample of adults aged 19 years and above. Linear regression models were employed to determine associations between HDHI quintiles and energy-adjusted nutrient data and nutritional biomarkers. Significantly higher HDHI scores were found among women, older age groups, Non-Māori or Pacific ethnic groups, and less socioeconomically-deprived groups (all p < 0.001). Increasing quintiles of HDHI were associated with higher intakes of dietary fibre and seven micronutrients including calcium, iron, and vitamin C, and lower intakes of energy, macronutrients, sodium, zinc, vitamins B6 and B12. Associations in the expected directions were also found for urinary sodium, whole blood folate, serum and red blood cell folate, and plasma selenium (all p < 0.001). The present findings suggest that the HDHI is a valid measure of diet quality as it is capable of discerning quality of diets of subgroups and ranking nutrient intakes among NZ adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Development of a Healthy Dietary Habits Index for New Zealand Adults

et al. 2017

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“…The relationship between diet quality and BMI was previously studied by Asghari et al [21], who found no significant association. However, Gregory et al [22] and Sundararajan et al [23] reported an inverse relationship between diet quality and BMI, which was stronger in females. Our results support this relationship even after including an adjustment for confounding factors such as age, sex, use of drugs, and other lifestyles such as smoking, which did not modify the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EVIDENT diet quality index is associated with cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness in adults

et al. 2017

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BackgroundWe aimed to simplify information from food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) in a single parameter that allows for rapid identification of quality of patient diet and its relationship to cardiovascular risk and pulse wave velocity (PWV).MethodsThe sample from the EVIDENT study, consisting of 1553 subjects (aged 20–80 years) with no cardiovascular disease selected by random sampling among those attending primary care clinics, was used. The EVIDENT diet index (range 0–100) was calculated based on the results of a FFQ. Evaluation of dietary habits also included adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). Cardiovascular risk was estimated, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was measured.ResultsMean subject age was 54.9 ± 13.8 years, and 60.3% of subjects were female. The mean value of the EVIDENT diet index was 52.1 ± 3.2 points. Subjects in the third tertile (the highest score) had the greatest adherence to MD and the highest energy intake, with greater amounts of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber. The best cut-off point of the EVIDENT diet index for predicting good adherence to the MD is 52.3 (0.71 sensitivity, 0.61 specificity). In a multiple regression analysis, after a complete adjustment, it was estimated that for each one-point increase in the EVIDENT diet index, cardiovascular risk (CVR), blood-pressure, waist circumference, and PWV decreased by 0.14, 0.43, 0.24, and 0.09 respectively (p < 0.05, all).ConclusionsThe diet quality index developed is associated to CVR and its components, and also with arterial stiffness, as measured with PWV. This index is also a good predictor of adherence to MD.

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“…36 More recently, data derived from the NSQIP database identified 32,889 bariatric surgery patients 37 and provided a model-based estimate of mortality probability instead of classification of patients as high, intermediate, or low risk for surgery. According to this tool, 7 factors were found, in multivariable analysis, to be associated with postoperative mortality: (1) peripheral artery disease; (2) shortness of breath at baseline; (3) previous coronary revascularization; (4) age; (5) initial BMI; (6) chronic steroid therapy; and (7) type of bariatric intervention.…”

Section: Postoperative Mortality Risk Calculatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Excessive consumption of calories, but also bad food choice is responsible for energy intake increase. 2 The terms, overweight, obese, and severe obesity refer to a clinical continuum. The standard classification of obesity is expressed in terms of BMI.…”

Section: R Esum Ementioning

confidence: 99%