The relationship between gene expression of cationic and neutral amino acid transporters in the small intestine of chick embryos and chick breed, development, sex, and egg amino acid concentration

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the gene expression of cationic and neutral amino acid (AA) transporters in the small intestine of chick embryos with different genetic backgrounds [Wenshi Yellow-Feathered chick (WYFC) and White Recessive Rock chick (WRRC)]. The study also investigated the correlation between the abundance of AA transporter mRNA and the AA content of fertilized eggs. Intestinal samples were collected on embryonic d 9, 12, 14, 17, and 19 and the day of hatch. The results showed that, before incubation, the AA content of WRRC eggs was lower (P < 0.05) than the AA content of WYFC eggs. In WYFC, the mRNA abundance of CAT-1 [solute carrier (SLC) family 7 member 1], CAT-4 (SLC family 7 member 4), rBAT (SLC family 3 member 1), y(+)LAT-1 (SLC family 7 member 7), y(+)LAT-2 (SLC family 7 member 6), LAT-4 (SLC family 43 member 2), and SNAT-2 (SLC family 38 member 2), as detected by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, was greater (P < 0.05) than the mRNA abundance detected in the WRRC samples. The mRNA abundance of all measured AA transporters was affected (P < 0.05) by embryonic age. Sex had the largest effect (P < 0.05) on the mRNA expression of CAT-1, CAT-4, y(+)LAT-2, and LAT-4 in WYFC and on CAT-4 and B(0)AT-1 (SLC family 6 member 19) mRNA expression in WRRC. In WYFC, only CAT-1 mRNA expression was negatively correlated (r = -0.68 to -0.84, P < 0.05) with all AA content. However, few correlations were detected between AA content and the mRNA expression of multiple transporters in WRRC. These findings provide a comprehensive profile of the temporal and spatial mRNA expression of AA transporters in the small intestine of chick embryos. Few correlations were detected between the AA content of the eggs and mRNA expression of specific AA transporters in the small intestine.

Growth of embryo and gene expression of nutrient transporters in the small intestine of the domestic pigeon (Columba livia)

“…Similarly, the results for y + LAT2 were also reported in chicken to increase significantly from E18 to DOH (Gilbert et al, 2007). A similar result for LAT4 was observed in chickens by Zeng et al (2011).…”

“…However, the system y + cationic amino acid transport (CAT) family undergoes adaptive upregulation during amino acid starvation (Humphrey et al, 2006) and thus might be repressed by nutrient provision from the yolk stalk. Zeng et al (2011) found that the level of CAT1 in broiler intestine increased linearly with age (P<0.0001) but changed little during embryonic development, while CAT2 mRNA increased from E9 to E17, then decreased on DOH. In our study, the CAT1 and CAT2 exhibit similar expression patterns, peaking on E11, then decreasing gradually until the end of incubation.…”

Effects of incubation and chick rearing on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, and mRNA expression of nutrient transporter genes in the pigeon (Columba livia) under artificial farming conditions

“…Transporters for amino acids and oligopeptides are capable of sensing target flux in the enteric cavity ( Groneberg et al., 2001 , Hyde et al., 2003 ), modulating substrate movement across apical, and brush border membranes of enterocytes ( Zeng et al., 2011 ). CAT1 transports lysine, arginine, ornithine, and histidine.…”

Antioxidant activity and duodenum transporter gene expression in quail fed citric acid

“…Studies showed that the expression of glucose and amino acids transporters may be influenced by age, the intestine segment (Miska et al, 2015), the line (Zeng et al, 2011) and even heat stress (Sun et al, 2015). Su et al (2014) observed that birds infected with Eimeria acervulina showed lower expression not only of intestinal carriers but also of the antimicrobial peptide, LEAP2 (liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2).…”