The relationship between maxillary and mandibular lengths of ethnic Bataks of chronological age 9–15 years

Abstract

Background: Maxillary and mandibular growth have an important role in determining diagnosis and treatment plans. Knowledge of the growth of the maxilla and mandible becomes very important in designing a proper treatment plan and knowing the mean maxillary and mandibular lengths from the ages of 9–15 means malocclusion can be treated at the appropriate age. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between 9–15-year-old males and females and the length of the maxilla and mandible. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The subjects consisted of 35 male and 45 females aged 9–15 years and 80 cephalometric radiograms were collected using a purposive sampling method from Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Oral and Dental Hospital based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected by tracing the lateral cephalogram, the maxillary length and mandible lengths being measured on the cephalogram based on the McNamara method through a computer program, CorelDRAW. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average maxillary length for 9–15-year-olds was 96.35 ± 7.56 mm. The mean mandibular length for 9–15-year-olds was 122.29 ± 10.43 mm. Based on assessment and result, using the Pearson correlation coefficient test between maxillary length and mandibular length and chronological age, a maxillary length of p=0.003 and mandibular length of p=0.00 were obtained. Conclusion: There was a significant positive relationship between chronological age and maxillary length and mandibular length in 9–15-year-olds of Batak ethnicity.

Length of cranial base and total face height in cephalograms for sex estimation in Indonesia

“…[14][15][16] This study represents the pioneering investigation into the utilization of length of cranial base and total face height measurements on the lateral cephalogram for the purpose of sex estimation in the Indonesian population, with a particular emphasis on the specific area of Yogyakarta. The lateral cephalogram has been studied in pediatric and adolescent populations of Indonesia, 18,19 but no studies have investigated cephalogram measurements for sex estimation in the Indonesian population. A previous study revealed no significant difference in angular measurements on lateral cephalograms between boys and girls aged 8-12 years.…”

Cell phone radiation effect on osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase

“…Malocclusion itself is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors such as early primary tooth loss, tooth persistence, the discrepancy between jaw and tooth size, an abnormal number of teeth and eruption problems, and oral habits. 4,5 With the current state of the environment in the COVID-19 pandemic, the duration of cell phone use by children will undoubtedly increase with restrictions on activities outside the home; this causes children to be unable to attend school in person, and, as an alternative, they use cell phones to communicate with teachers and obtain subject matter. In addition, this means children are often in contact with cell phones for an extended period time.…”